Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients

n

473

203

Demographics

 Age

58.0 [43.0,68.0]

57.0 [40.0,66.5]

0.391

 Sex

0.968

  Male

310 (65.5%)

132 (65.0%)

  Female

163 (34.5%)

71 (35.0%)

 Race

0.701

  White

333 (70.4%)

137 (67.5%)

  Black

41 (8.67%)

21 (10.3%)

  Others

99 (20.9%)

45 (22.2%)

 Weight (kg)

77.3 [67.5,92.0]

77.9 [66.2,94.2]

0.709

Vital signs

 HR (times/min)

93.7 [83.9,106]

96.1 [86.2,106]

0.462

 SBP (mmHg)

106 [99.8,115]

105 [99.3,113]

0.491

 DBP (mmHg)

56.8 [50.9,62.8]

56.5 [50.6,62.6]

0.711

 MBP (mmHg)

70.9 [65.7,77.1]

70.3 [64.1,76.1]

0.248

 Temperature (°C)

37.1 [36.8,37.5]

37.1 [36.8,37.5]

0.757

Blood gas

 Lactate (mmol/L)

2.50 [1.70,3.90]

2.40 [1.50,3.80]

0.166

 Spo2 (mmHg)

251 [143,381]

230 [121,372]

0.199

 Spco2 (mmHg)

48.0 [41.0,55.0]

48.0 [40.5,56.0]

0.649

 AG (mEq/L)

10.0 [8.00,11.0]

10.0 [8.50,12.0]

0.237

Laboratory test

 WBC (k/uL)

6.70 [5.00,8.80]

7.00 [4.95,9.20]

0.350

 RBC (m/uL)

2.58 [2.31,2.94]

2.60 [2.30,3.08]

0.381

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

7.40 [6.60,8.50]

7.50 [6.60,8.70]

0.519

 MCH (IU/mL)

28.3 [26.6,29.8]

28.2 [26.8,29.4]

0.515

 Bicarbonate (mEq/L)

20.0 [17.0,23.0]

20.0 [17.0,23.0]

0.529

 Chloride (mEq/L)

108 [104,112]

107 [103,111]

0.259

 Calcium Total (EU/dL)

7.70 [7.20,8.10]

7.90 [7.30,8.20]

0.077

 Potassium (mg/dL)

3.40 [3.10,3.70]

3.40 [3.10,3.70]

0.616

 Sodium (mg/dL)

142 [139,146]

142 [139,146]

0.698

 Magnesium (mg/dL)

1.70 [1.60,1.90]

1.70 [1.60,1.90]

0.272

 Platelet (k/uL)

316 [212,460]

330 [215,454]

0.443

 PT(s)

13.1 [12.0,14.4]

12.9 [11.8,14.5]

0.407

 PTT(s)

27.5 [25.3,30.5]

27.1 [25.0,30.4]

0.423

 ALT (IU/L)

37.0 [21.0,70.0]

33.0 [18.0,73.0]

0.290

 LD (IU/L)

341 [262,536]

350 [252,536]

0.939

 BUN (mg/dL)

36.0 [22.0,66.0]

35.0 [21.0,66.0]

0.705

 Creatinine (g/dL)

1.50 [1.10,3.10]

1.50 [1.10,3.00]

0.988

 Glucose(mg/dL)

168 [137,240]

175 [136,234]

0.948

 Lymphocytes(%)

13.9 [9.70,21.1]

13.0 [8.75,19.0]

0.142

 Monocytes(%)

6.30 [4.40,9.40]

6.00 [4.20,9.00]

0.290

 Neutrophils(%)

85.0 [79.7,89.7]

85.0 [79.8,89.0]

0.434

Scoring systems

 APSIII

50.0 [36.0,68.0]

48.0 [35.0,65.5]

0.192

 SAPSII

34.0 [24.0,44.0]

32.0 [23.5,41.5]

0.084

 SOFA

6.00 [3.00,10.0]

6.00 [3.00,9.00]

0.170