Table 2 Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression for factors associated with U5M

Maternal age (ref: 15–24)

20–34

1.00**

(0.95–1.05)

2.00

(1.82–2.20)

35–49

1.63**

(1.55–1.71)

3.76**

(3.38–4.19)

Residence (ref: Urban)

Rural

5.41**

(5.17–5.66)

1.28**

(1.17–1.39)

Region (ref: North-West)

North-Central

0.40**

(0.38–0.42)

0.89**

(0.82–0.97)

North-East

0.64**

(0.62–0.67)

0.66**

(0.62–0.71)

South-East

0.14**

(0.13–0.15)

0.87**

(0.75–1.01)

South-South

0.11**

(0.1–0.12)

0.27**

(0.23–0.32)

South-West

0.06**

(0.06–0.07)

0.88**

(0.74–1.05)

Maternal education (ref: Secondary/Higher)

No education

22.46**

(21.01-24)

2.67**

(2.39–2.99)

Primary

6.79**

(6.29–7.34)

2.21**

(1.95–2.51)

Employment status of woman (ref: Employed/self-employed)

Unemployed

5.77**

(5.56–5.99)

3.91**

(3.69–4.15)

Wealth index (ref: Rich)

Poor

5.65**

(5.14–6.2)

1.60**

(1.39–1.85)

Middle

34.67**

(31.93–37.65)

5.12**

(4.51–5.81)

Sex of child (ref: Male)

Female

2.1**

(2.03–2.17)

2.28**

(2.15–2.41)

Childbirth interval (ref: 24 months and above)

First birth

1.60**

(1.52–1.67)

5.05**

(4.57–5.58)

Less 24 months

3.92**

(3.77–4.09)

3.79**

(3.55–4.05)

Child is a twin (ref: Single birth)

twin or multiple birth

4.96**

(4.5–5.46)

4.58**

(3.90–5.37)

Birth size (ref: Large)

Average

2.88**

(2.73–3.03)

5.48**

(5.06–5.93)

Small

12.25**

(11.5-13.06)

14.3**

(13.01–15.71)

Sex of Head of household (ref: Male)

Female

0.29**

(0.27–0.31)

0.70**

(0.62–0.78)

Age of woman at first birth (Less than 20)

20–25 years

0.68**

(0.66–0.71)

1.63**

(1.52–1.75)

26 + years

0.25**

(0.23–0.27)

1.43**

(1.24–1.65)

Children ever born (ref: 1–3)

4–5

1.80**

(1.71–1.89)

1.65**

(1.51–1.81)

Over 5

6.80**

(6.52–7.1)

3.66**

(3.38–3.97)

Number of births in last 5 years (ref: 0–2)

Over 2

5.26**

(4.95–5.58)

3.37**

(3.08–3.69)

Family planning method (ref: Modern method)

No method

3.02**

(2.56–3.57)

4.03**

(3.04–5.35)

Folkloric or traditional method

12.56**

(11.21–14.08)

3.61**

(3.04–4.29)

Place of delivery (ref: Health facility)

Home

9.38**

(8.99–9.79)

4.01**

(3.73–4.30)

Antenatal visits (ref: 4+)

0

10.05**

(9.63–10.49)

2.98**

(2.78–3.18)

1

6.84**

(6.13–7.64)

2.55**

(2.17–2.99)

2–3

3.25**

(3.05–3.46)

1.20**

(1.09–1.32)

Skilled assistance during delivery (ref: Yes)

No

10.41**

(9.78–11.07)

1.21**

(1.09–1.35)

Toilet type (ref: Improved)

Not improved

15.29**

(13.97–16.72)

1.54**

(1.32–1.80)

Major source of drinking water (ref: Improved)

Not improved

2.57**

(2.41–2.76)

1.36**

(1.21–1.53)

Frequency of watching television (ref: Once a week or more)

Less than once a week

12.86**

(11.94–13.86)

1.21**

(1.06–1.38)

Frequency of listening to Radio (ref: Once a week or more)

Less than once a week

5.17**

(4.91–5.45)

1.87**

(1.71–2.04)