An Effective Methodology for Scoring to Assist Emergency Physicians in Identifying Overcrowding in an Academic Emergency Department in Thailand

Table 2 Overcrowding scores and adverse events

Crowding score; mean (SD)	Total	Morning shift	Evening shift	Night shift	p-value
EDOR	0.69 (0.08)	0.7 (0.29)	0.69 (0.25)	0.38 (0.2)	< 0.001
EDWIN	0.33 (0.04)	0.49 (0.25)	0.62 (0.24)	0.33 (0.19)	0.02
Modified EDWIN	0.40 (0.11)	0.5 (0.26)	0.56 (0.24)	0.33 (0.19)	0.02
Work score	1.15 (0.96)	1.3 (0.90)	1.63 (1.01)	1.02 (0.87)	0.14
Total Code activations (per period); Mean (SD)	0.58 (0.99)	0.95 (1.29)	0.55 (0.89)	0.20 (0.48)	< 0.001
Code stroke	0.08 (0.29)	0.13 (0.37)	0.07 (0.25)	0.04 (0.23)	< 0.001
Code STEMI	0.08 (0.30)	0.02 (0.14)	0.02 (0.14)	0	< 0.001
Code sepsis	0.37 (0.79)	0.03 (0.16)	0.04 (0.20)	0.02 (0.14)	< 0.001
Code severe Traumatic Brain Injury	0.05 (0.99)	0.01 (0.11)	0.01 (0.08)	0	0.03
Total adverse events (per period); mean (SD)	0.07 (0.28)	0.12 (0.35)	0.07 (0.28)	0.03 (0.16)	< 0.001
Code stroke	0.03 (0.17)	0.06 (0.27)	0.01 (0.08)	0.01 (0.08)	< 0.001
Code STEMI	0.01 (0.1)	0.02 (0.14)	0.02 (0.14)	0	< 0.001
Code sepsis	0.03 (0.17)	0.03 (0.16)	0.04 (0.2)	0.02 (0.14)	0.10
Code severe traumatic brain injury	0.01 (0.10)	0.01 (0.11)	0.01 (0.08)	0	0.02
In-hospital cardiac arrest	0.03 (0.20)	0.02 (0.14)	0.05(0.28)	0.02 (0.14)	< 0.001

EDOR: Emergency Department Occupancy Rate; EDWIN: Emergency Department Work Index; SD: Standard Deviation

ISSN: 1472-6947