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Table 3 Risk of bias (ROB) assessment results [9, 10, 12, 33,34,35,36,37,38, 40,41,42,43,44,45, 48, 50, 51, 53,54,55, 57, 58, 60, 63, 64, 66, 68,69,70, 72,73,74,75, 77, 78, 80, 83]

From: The validity of electronic health data for measuring smoking status: a systematic review and meta-analysis