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Table 4 Associations between frequency of app use and demographic variables

From: Utilization of patient portals: a cross-sectional study investigating associations with mobile app quality

Variables

N

Frequency of app use, n (%)

P-value*

  

More than once a week

Once a week

Once a month

Once every few months

Once a year

 
  

M (SD)

 

Age

417

44.4 (16)

40.7 (15.8)

40.7 (15.4)

41.7 (15.5)

37.7 (16.8)

0.565

Crowding index

404

1.6 (0.6)

1.4 (0.6)

1.5 (0.6)

1.2 (0.5)

1.4 (0.6)

< 0.001

Total uMARS score

200

3.8 (0.6)

3.9 (0.6)

3.9 (0.5)

3.8 (0.5)

3.8 (0.5)

0.471

Subjective quality

200

4.2 (1.4)

3.9 (0.5)

3.6 (0.5)

3.4 (0.7)

3.1 (0.6)

< 0.001

Number of physician visits/year before the COVID-19 pandemic

417

3.1 (2.6)

3.8 (4.9)

3.4 (3.9)

2.4 (2.2)

1.5 (0.9)

0.005

Number of physician visits/year after the COVID-19 pandemic

410

3.7 (3.0)

4.3 (6.5)

3.1 (2.3)

2.2 (1.7)

1.4 (1.0)

< 0.001

  

n(%)

 

Gender

424

     

0.650

Female

 

26 (63.4)

34 (54.8)

77 (64.2)

117 (64.6)

14 (70.0)

 

Male

 

15 (36.6)

28 (45.2)

43 (35.8)

64 (35.4)

6 (30.0)

 

Education

422

     

< 0.001

Higher education

 

27 (65.9)

51 (82.3)

104 (87.4)

168 (93.3)

18 (90.0)

 

Low education

 

14 (34.2)

11 (17.7)

15 (12.6)

12 (6.7)

2 (10.0)

 

Area of primary residence

415

     

0.253

Beirut

 

24 (60.0)

33 (54.1)

75 (63.6)

119 (67.2)

9 (47.4)

 

Bekaa

 

1 (2.5)

1 (1.6)

1 (0.8)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

Mount Lebanon

 

11 (27.5)

21 (34.4)

35 (29.7)

49 (27.7)

6 (31.6)

 

North

 

4 (10.0)

4 (6.6)

3 (2.5)

5 (2.8)

3 (15.8)

 

South

 

0 (0)

2 (3.3)

4 (3.4)

4 (2.3)

1 (5.3)

 

Perceived health status

424

     

< 0.001

Poor

 

4 (9.8)

4 (6.6)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

Fair

 

8 (19.5)

4 (6.6)

14 (11.7)

13 (7.1)

0 (0)

 

Good

 

21 (51.2)

33 (54.1)

48 (40.0)

67 (36.8)

4 (20.0)

 

Very Good

 

5 (12.2)

17 (27.9)

47 (39.2)

75 (41.2)

12 (60.0)

 

Excellent

 

3 (7.3)

3 (4.9)

11 (9.2)

27 (14.8)

4 (20.0)

 

Chronic illnesses

419

     

0.011

Present

 

19 (46.3)

26 (43.3)

41 (34.7)

50 (27.6)

2 (10.5)

 

Absent

 

22 (53.7)

34 (56.7)

77 (65.3)

131 (72.4)

17 (89.5)

 

Number of features used

427

3.0 (1.0)

3.0 (0.9)

2.6 (0.9)

2.1 (1.0)

1.9 (1.1)

< 0.001

  1. * P value of Chi-square, ANOVA, or t-tests