Table 3 Patient characteristics

Charlson Comorbidity Index

 Mean (SD)

1.48 (2.03)

0.998 (1.74)

 < 0.001

1.05 (1.77)

 Median [Min, Max]

0 [0, 10.0]

0 [0, 11.0]

0 [0, 11.0]

Age

 Mean (SD)

70.3 (15.7)

64.4 (17.5)

 < 0.001

65.0 (17.4)

 Median [Min, Max]

74.0 [20.0, 103]

68.0 [13.0, 109]

69.0 [13.0, 109]

BMI

 Mean (SD)

26.4 (5.48)

25.9 (4.92)

0.0181

26.0 (4.99)

 Median [Min, Max]

25.6 [13.3, 66.5]

25.3 [13.3, 53.1]

25.3 [13.3, 66.5]

Systolic blood pressure

 Mean (SD)

134 (17.2)

131 (18.8)

 < 0.001

131 (18.7)

 Median [Min, Max]

133 [93.0, 182]

129 [85.0, 210]

129 [85.0, 210]

Diastolic blood pressure

 Mean (SD)

74.5 (8.18)

74.4 (9.04)

0.644

74.4 (8.96)

 Median [Min, Max]

74.0 [53.0, 105]

74.0 [44.0, 126]

74.0 [44.0, 126]

Creatinine blood

 Mean (SD)

115 (90.9)

95.5 (64.2)

 < 0.001

97.5 (67.7)

 Median [Min, Max]

91.0 [37.0, 1260]

83.0 [21.0, 1480]

84.0 [21.0, 1480]

Hemoglobin

 Mean (SD)

7.67 (1.12)

7.72 (1.22)

0.246

7.71 (1.21)

 Median [Min, Max]

7.70 [4.10, 11.6]

7.80 [4.00, 11.6]

7.80 [4.00, 11.6]

Clinical medication

 Mean (SD)

51.7 (34.0)

30.4 (25.7)

 < 0.001

32.6 (27.4)

 Median [Min, Max]

44.0 [7.00, 227]

22.0 [0, 267]

24.0 [0, 267]

Home medication

 Mean (SD)

12.8 (8.47)

8.07 (7.33)

 < 0.001

8.55 (7.59)

 Median [Min, Max]

11.0 [0, 48.0]

6.00 [0, 60.0]

6.00 [0, 60.0]

Clinical admissions last year

 Mean (SD)

0.860 (1.52)

0.311 (0.732)

 < 0.001

0.367 (0.862)

 Median [Min, Max]

0 [0, 11.0]

0 [0, 9.00]

0 [0, 11.0]

ED visits last 6 months

 Mean (SD)

0.382 (0.890)

0.144 (0.503)

 < 0.001

0.169 (0.560)

 Median [Min, Max]

0 [0, 8.00]

0 [0, 8.00]

0 [0, 8.00]

Length of Stay

 Mean (SD)

3.98 (5.44)

2.21 (3.35)

 < 0.001

2.39 (3.66)

 Median [Min, Max]

3.00 [0, 97.0]

1.00 [0, 65.0]

1.00 [0, 97.0]

Sex

 Female

153 (19.8%)

2439 (35.9%)

 < 0.001

2592 (34.2%)

 Male

621 (80.2%)

4357 (64.1%)

4978 (65.8%)

History of smoking

 No

656 (84.8%)

5577 (82.1%)

0.0702

6233 (82.3%)

 Yes

118 (15.2%)

1219 (17.9%)

1337 (17.7%)

Use of alcohol

 No

420 (54.3%)

3308 (48.7%)

0.00363

3728 (49.2%)

 Yes

354 (45.7%)

3488 (51.3%)

3842 (50.8%)

Interpreter needed

 No

738 (95.3%)

6618 (97.4%)

0.00183

7356 (97.2%)

 Yes

36 (4.7%)

178 (2.6%)

214 (2.8%)

Fluency in Dutch

 No

78 (10.1%)

783 (11.5%)

0.255

861 (11.4%)

 Yes

696 (89.9%)

6013 (88.5%)

6709 (88.6%)

Uses a catheter at home

 No

716 (92.5%)

6563 (96.6%)

 < 0.001

7279 (96.2%)

 Yes

58 (7.5%)

233 (3.4%)

291 (3.8%)

Use of anticoagulants

 No

116 (15.0%)

2392 (35.2%)

 < 0.001

2508 (33.1%)

 Yes

658 (85.0%)

4404 (64.8%)

5062 (66.9%)

Use of NSAID's

 No

529 (68.3%)

4697 (69.1%)

0.692

5226 (69.0%)

 Yes

245 (31.7%)

2099 (30.9%)

2344 (31.0%)

Use of corticosteroids

 No

686 (88.6%)

6533 (96.1%)

 < 0.001

7219 (95.4%)

 Yes

88 (11.4%)

263 (3.9%)

351 (4.6%)

Use of antipsychotics

 No

715 (92.4%)

6578 (96.8%)

 < 0.001

7293 (96.3%)

 Yes

59 (7.6%)

218 (3.2%)

277 (3.7%)

Use of ulcer medication

 No

380 (49.1%)

4086 (60.1%)

 < 0.001

4466 (59.0%)

 Yes

394 (50.9%)

2710 (39.9%)

3104 (41.0%)

Oncology

 Absent

700 (90.4%)

6358 (93.6%)

0.0014

7058 (93.2%)

 Present

74 (9.6%)

438 (6.4%)

512 (6.8%)

Medication

 No

83 (10.7%)

1793 (26.4%)

 < 0.001

1876 (24.8%)

 Yes

691 (89.3%)

5003 (73.6%)

5694 (75.2%)

Comorbidity

 Absent

607 (78.4%)

5995 (88.2%)

 < 0.001

6602 (87.2%)

 Present

167 (21.6%)

801 (11.8%)

968 (12.8%)

Surgery

 No

354 (45.7%)

4325 (63.6%)

 < 0.001

4679 (61.8%)

 Yes

420 (54.3%)

2471 (36.4%)

2891 (38.2%)