Table 1 The results of the CFA and reliability of the proposed framework and 50-items questionnaire
Scope | Evaluation dimensions | Evaluation measures (Cronbach’s alpha % for the remained evaluation measures) | Questions | Factor loadings of CFA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Technology | System quality | Sufficient resources (Cronbach’s α: 86.4) | CR1: Computer equipment (PC, monitor, keyword, and mouse) | 0.86 |
CR2: Intranet (local hospital network) | 0.791 | |||
CR3: Internet | 0.783 | |||
Information quality (Cronbach's α: 86.4) | Up-to-date | IQ1: The hospital EHR provide up-to-date information | 0.738 | |
Sufficiently | IQ2: The hospital EHR covers your departments’ workflow and The hospital EHR | 0.728 | ||
Format | IQ3: Information field and reports in the hospital EHR appears orderly and easy to read | 0.707 | ||
IQ4: The hospital EHR s’ field labels and fields clearly and distinctively | 0.533 | |||
Locatability | IQ5: It is easy to find the information you need in hospital EHR | 0.693 | ||
Accuracy | IQ6: The hospital EHR’ data and information is compatible with paper medical record | 0.662 | ||
Right level of detail | IQ7: The hospital EHR provides sufficient and detailed information that seems to be just exactly what you need | 0.621 | ||
Authorization | IQ8: Privileges required to access the HIS restrict accessibility to necessary patient information for daily tasks | Multiple factor loadinga | ||
Service quality (Cronbach's α: 85.6) | Empathy | SQ1: IT staff take your job problems seriously and interest to solve the problems | 0.828 | |
Responsiveness | SQ2: IT staff provide their IT support services at the times they promise to do so | 0.796 | ||
Assurance | SQ3: You feel that IT staffs understand the health care objectives and they can communicate with you in familiar medical terms that are consistent | 0.651 | ||
Responsiveness | SQ4: The period time between a service request and IT staffs response is acceptable. (.e.g. solving a problem, giving authorized access to the hospital EHR components, and install new features) | 0.633 | ||
SQ5: You received the appropriate levels of training that you need to be able to understand and use the hospital EHR | 0.595 | |||
Training | T1: The hospital EHR Manual deliver a detailed user’s manual in printed and/or electronic form | 0.83 | ||
T2: The hospital EHR has a clear instruction manual that makes it easy for you to understand and operate | 0.828 | |||
Human | Computer knowledge and Self-efficacy | Self-efficacy (Cronbach’s α: 40.0) | SE1: If there was no one around to tell you what to do as you go | 0.645 |
SE2: If you could call someone for help if you got stuck | 0.534 | |||
Organization | Task Technology Fit (TFF) (Cronbach’s α: 58.9) | Task equivocality | TTF1: You frequently deal with business problems duo to ill-defined hospital EHR work flow | 0.823 |
Task interdependence | TTF2: The hospital EHR problem negatively effect on your performance | 0.729 | ||
Compatibility and fitness with the work process | TTF3: The hospital EHR s’ field are relevance to yours’ clinical and administrative workflow | 0.383 | ||
Social Support (SS) (Cronbach’s α: 68.8) | – | SS1: your colleagues who influence my behavior think that you should use the hospital EHR | 0.576 | |
SS2: your colleagues in your department think that you should use the system | 0.27 | |||
SS3: The senior management of this business has been helpful in the use of the system | Multiple factor loadinga | |||
Management support (Cronbach’s α: 65) | – | TM1: Senior management ask you opinion about hospital EHR improvement | 0.755 | |
TM2: Top management making available sufficient resources for hospital EHR development | 0.712 | |||
Usefulness (Cronbach’s α: 91.5) | Performance expectancy | – | UF1: Using the hospital EHR in your job increases your productivity | 0.774 |
UF2: Using the hospital EHR enhances the quality of the tasks you perform | 0.758 | |||
UF3: In your job, usage of the hospital EHR is important | 0.697 | |||
UF4: Using the hospital EHR in your job would enable you to do tasks more quickly | 0.679 | |||
System use | – | UF5: You want to use the hospital EHR | 0.663 | |
Voluntariness | – | UF6: Your use of the system is voluntary | 0.627 | |
Image | – | UF7: People in your hospital who use the hospital EHR have a high profile | 0.653 | |
Job Relevance | – | UF8: You find hospital EHR to be useful in your job | 0.452 | |
Ease of Use (Cronbach’s α: 82.7) | – | – | EU1: Interacting with the hospital EHR does not require a lot of my mental effort | 0.855 |
EU2: You find it easy to get the hospital EHR to do what you want it to do | 0.829 | |||
EU3: It would be easy for you to become skillful at using the hospital EHR | 0.759 | |||
Net benefit (Cronbach’s α: 91.7) | Effects on outcome quality of care | – | NB1: The hospital EHR S improves the quality of care | 0.826 |
NB2: By using the hospital EHR, patients have a better insight into the care provided by health care providers | 0.749 | |||
NB3: The hospital EHR reduces medical errors and improves patient safety | 0.735 | |||
NB4: The hospital EHR increases to health professionals’ ability to make patient care decisions | 0.688 | |||
Effects on work flow and organization | – | NB5: The hospital EHR decreases the wastefulness of resources and costs in the hospital | 0.689 | |
NB6: The hospital EHR reduces patients waiting time for health care at the hospital | 0.688 | |||
NB7: The hospital EHR reduces the referral of patients or their families to different hospital departments | 0.632 | |||
NB8: The hospital EHR facilitates continuity of care in the next patient encounters | 0.591 | |||
NB9: The hospital EHR increases hospital administration ‘s control on patient cost | 0.587 | |||
NB10: Using the hospital EHR facilitates communication between various health professionals when patient is re-admitted, is referred to other organizations and is received follow-up outpatient care | 0.49 | |||
Privacy and security | – | NB11: The hospital EHR enhances the safety and confidentiality of patient data | 0.645 |