Table 5 Health outcome measures used by category
From: Health literacy and health outcomes in patients with low back pain: a scoping review
Pain | Disability | Behaviour | Knowledge and beliefs | Resource utilisation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Health outcome measures employed (number of times) | ||||
 Numerical rating scale (3) | Oswestry Disability Index (4) | Coping Skills Questionnaire (2) | Back Pain Beliefs Questionnaire (2) | Utilisation of medications (3) |
 Visual Analogue scale (2) | Euro-QOL5D (1) | Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (3) | Modified Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey (1) | Utilisation of healthcare appointments (9) |
 6 item Chronic Pain Grading Scale (1) | 6 item Chronic Pain Grading Scale (1) | Psychological Empowerment Scale (1) | One-item measure—How would you rate your health? (1) | Healthcare cost—expenditure/workdays missed/affordability (6) |
 Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (1) |  | Modified Patients’ Perceived Involvement in Care Scale (1) |  |  |
 Pain duration in months (1) |  |  |  |  |
 Oswestry Disability Index (4) |  |  |  |  |
 Euro-QOL5D (1) |  |  |  |  |
 Others* (2)  *LBP episodes in last 1 year | Others* (2) *Pain impact (intrusion on regular daily and recreational activities) | Others* (1) *Health Behaviours (Activity level, smoking status, alcohol consumption level, body mass index, flu immunisation in last 12 months, use of pneumonia vaccine) | Others* (3) *Telephone interviews (2), and 12-item survey developed by authors (1) |  |