| JMDC Claima | MDV Databaseb | NDB Japanc | MID-NETd | Points to consider when selecting a large-scale database |
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Characteristics of the database | Information regarding health insurance claims and DPC collected from institutions through standardized procedures since 2005 | Claims information, DPC information, and laboratory data collected from institutions through standardized procedures since 2008 | Claim information on medical treatment, dental treatment, medications, and DPC Constructed in 2009 Data of subjects over 65-year-olds are available Dataset service has been offered since 2011 | Medical records, health insurance claims, and DPC information Data from 23 medical sites collected and verified Dataset service has been offered since 2018 | The database should be established through data-processing procedures that are satisfactorily explained and reproducible. Data for intended follow-up period is important |
Data volume | 5.6 million subjects (as of June 2018) | 2.8 million subjects (as of May 2019) | All Japanese citizens (not clearly described) | 4 million subjects (as of November 2018) | Having sufficient data to support an appropriate sample size is crucial |
Available data | Information regarding health insurance, claims, DPC; medical products’ information coding; diagnosis; number of patients; complications; surgery; medication information; and events Data from healthy subjects are available Data are updated monthly according to pre-defined processes | Information on claims and DPC and laboratory data are available Data updated monthly according to pre-defined processes | Claim information on medical treatment, dental treatment, medications, and DPC Use of NDB Japan is permitted for evaluated researchers only NDB Open Data Japan, partial dataset, is freely available | Demographic data; hospital visits/admissions; disease and injury diagnoses; medical treatment, laboratory data, results of physiologic tests; pharmacologic data; and medications | Information related to patients and exposures, such as diagnosis, medications, and surgery, should be available |
Number of published articles | 304 articles published (as of December 2020) | 213 articles published (as of December 2020) | 78 articles publishede (as of October 2020) | 11 articles published (as of April 2020) | Â |
Anonymization? | Anonymized | Anonymized | Subjects’ personal information is not available. Anonymization is up to the individual researcher | Anonymized | Appropriate anonymization of data is important to adhere to ethics and quality standards |