Fig. 1

TEM and association charts of the categories identified through the GTA. The gray area shows the results of the GTA, and the other areas show the TEM results. In the trajectory equifinality model, the right arrows indicate the processes of the patients, the downward arrows indicate forces that did not have the tendency to push toward an equifinality point (social direction), and the upward arrows indicate forces that did have the tendency to push toward an equifinality point (social guidance). GTA, grounded theory approach; TEM, trajectory equifinality modeling