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Table 1 Translation of the standards through the process framework of the development of cooperative inter-organizational relationships

From: Standards as applied in reality: a case study on the translation of standards in eHealth evaluation practice

Process

MAST

EQ-5D-5ā€‰L

PSQ-18

CANE-S

Negotiations

Expectations:

- Evaluation domains in the framework should be relevant to the contractual scope

Uncertainties:

No issues observed

Bargaining:

No issues observed

Expectations:

- Validity in all project locations

- Adequacy for the patient group

Uncertainties:

How should the expectations be aligned when the planned standard is not valid in some project locations?

Bargaining:

Whether to use a common valid but generic standard or a disease-specific, but different standards for different locations

Expectations:

- Validity in all project locations

- Adequacy for the patient group

Uncertainties:

No issues observed

Bargaining:

- What is the best way to capture patient perceptions?

Expectations:

- Validity in all project locations

- Adequacy for the patient group

Uncertainties:

No issues observed

Bargaining:

- Lack of experience

- Human resources needed

Commitments

- Usage of MAST approved standards

- Generic standard EQ-5D-5ā€‰L selected

- Mixed method approach selected

After re-negotiation,

It was decided to only use a qualitative interview

- Qualitative interview approach selected

Executions

Operationalizing evaluation domains of MAST

- Terms for data collection defined

- Terms for data collection defined

- Re-negotiated the use of PSQ-18 after doubts emerged

- Defining the interview protocol

- Terms for data collection defined

- Defining the interview protocol

Translation strategy used

Addition: An extra evaluation domain was added to the MAST domains

Copying: EQ-5D-5ā€‰L was applied in its original form

Alteration: Some PSQ-18 elements were converted to questions in a customized qualitative interview

Alteration: Some CANE-S elements were converted to questions in a customized qualitative interview

  1. MAST is a Model for Assessment of Telemedicine Applications [27]; EQ-5D-5ā€‰L is a EuroQoL five-dimension questionnaire to assess health-related quality of life [15, 16]; PSQ-18 is a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire [28]; CANE-S is a Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly ā€“ Short Form [29, 30]