Table 1 Patient Characteristics for Each Serum Sodium Concentration at Admission Groups
From: Association between borderline dysnatremia and mortality insight into a new data mining approach
Characteristic | Hyponatremia | Normal sodium level | Hypernatremia | P Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Serum Sodium Levela, mmol/L | <125 (n = 367) | [125;130) (n = 1053) | [130;135) (n = 5045) | [135;145] (n = 38,869) | (145;150] (n = 386) | (150;155] (n = 58) | >155 (n = 51) |  |
Age, mean ± SD, years | 71 ± 15 | 68 ± 16 | 66 ± 18 | 60 ± 18 | 66 ± 20 | 70 ± 20 | 73 ± 20 | < .001 |
Males, n (%) | 195 (53.1) | 544 (51.6) | 2916 (57.8) | 23,197 (59.7) | 244 (63.2) | 32 (55.2) | 26 (51.0) | < .001 |
ICU stay, n (%) | 119 (32.4) | 295 (28.0) | 1191 (23.6) | 7531 (19.4) | 177 (45.9) | 32 (55.2) | 20 (39.2) | < .001 |
Palliative care, n (%) | 11 (3.0) | 45 (4.3) | 151 (3.0) | 296 (0.8) | 14 (3.6) | 1 (1.7) | 4 (7.8) | < .001 |
Dialysis, n (%) | 52 (14.2) | 140 (13.3) | 403 (8.0) | 1322 (3.4) | 48 (12.4) | 6 (10.3) | 6 (11.8) | < .001 |
Dementia, n (%) | 14 (3.8) | 32 (3.0) | 131 (2.6) | 640 (1.6) | 7.3 | 8.6 | 17.6 | < .001 |
Hospital admissions via the emergency department, n (%) | 123 (33.5) | 306 (29.1) | 886 (17.6) | 4091 (10.5) | 95 (24.6) | 22 (37.9) | 25 (49.0) | < .001 |
Surgery, n (%) | 64 (17.4) | 241 (22.9) | 1313 (26) | 14,329 (36.9) | 124 (32.1) | 16 (27.6) | 5 (9.8) | < .001 |
Number of diagnosis codes, median (IQR) | 7 (4–11) | 6 (4–10) | 6 (3–9) | 4 (2–6) | 6 (4–10) | 6 (3–10) | 6 (4–10) | < .001 |
Length of stay (days), median (IQR) | 10 (5–18) | 10 (6–19) | 8 (4–16) | 5 (2–10) | 9 (4–21) | 10 (4.25–18.75) | 10 (5–20.5) | < .001 |
Charlson Comorbidity Index median (IQR) | 2 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–4) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (0.25–3) | 2 (0.25–3.75) | 2 (1–3) | < .001 |
Observed hospital mortality, n (%) | 69 (18.8) | 145 (13.7) | 452 (9.0) | 1066 (2.7) | 80 (20.7) | 14 (24.1) | 12 (23.5) | < .001 |