Fig. 4

Thirty day simulation for the parameters estimated on Table 1 for the cell line MCF7 in 2D. a Results with k ^' _R  = 185 cm ^− 1. Top row shows oxygen heat maps (scale 0–0.46 mmol/L) on different days, middle row shows the cell distribution and bottom row heat maps of age (scale 0–24 h). Picture on the right is a sample IHC for MCF7 stained for HIF1α with necrotic and hypoxic regions outlined. b results with \( {\boldsymbol{k}}_{\boldsymbol{R}}^{\hbox{'}}=\mathbf{\mathsf{7}}.\mathbf{\mathsf{54}}\boldsymbol{c}{\boldsymbol{m}}^{-1} \). c-d Volumetric results for k ^' _R  = 185 cm ^− 1 and \( {\boldsymbol{k}}_{\boldsymbol{R}}^{\hbox{'}}=\mathbf{\mathsf{7}}.\mathbf{\mathsf{54}}\boldsymbol{c}{\boldsymbol{m}}^{-1} \) respectively. e Calculated values of heterogneity. f Observed surface area coverage of necrosis, hypoxia and stroma as determined by expert digital pathology