Comorbidity study of borderline personality disorder: applying association rule mining to the Taiwan national health insurance research database

Table 3 The comorbid psychiatry diseases of borderline personality disorder (BPD) cases and non-BPD controls

	BPD				BPD (total)^c (%)	Non-BPD (total)^d (%)	OR	95% CI
Comorbid psychiatry diseases	Female (%)	Male (%)	OR^a	95% CI^b	BPD (total)^c (%)	Non-BPD (total)^d (%)	OR	95% CI
Depressive disorder	86.3	74.5	2.16	1.18–3.96^e	82.2	2.05	220	133–364^e
Bipolar disorder	89.5	78.4	2.34	1.21–4.53^e	85.6	2.23	261	157–434^e
Anxiety disorder	52.6	37.3	1.87	1.14–3.06^e	47.3	6.34	13.2	9.53–18.4^e
Sleep disorder	44.7	30.4	1.85	1.11–3.09^e	39.7	8.82	6.82	5.00–9.29^e
Substance use disorder	13.2	23.5	0.49	0.27–0.92^e	16.8	0.26	73.3	24.2–253^e
Alcohol use disorder	8.42	20.6	0.36	0.18–0.72^e	12.7	0.26	56.3	17.2–184.1^e
Opioid use disorder	2.11	1.96	1.08	0.19–5.97	2.05	0	−	−
Amphetamine use disorder	3.16	0.98	3.29	0.39–27.7	2.40	0	−	−
ADHD	1.05	2.94	0.35	0.06–2.14	1.71	0	−	−
Mental retardation	0.53	4.9	0.10	0.01–0.89^e	2.05	0.26	6.11	2.43–15.3^e
Autistic spectrum disorder	0	0.53	−	−	0.34	0	−	−
Eating disorder	0	3.68	−	−	2.40	0	−	−

^a OR odds ratio, ^b CI confidence interval, ^cTotal BPD cases, ^dTotal non-BPD controls, ^eStatistical significance

ISSN: 1472-6947