|
Drug claims
|
78
|
37 (47%)
|
16 (21%)
|
25 (32%)
|
|
Analgesic drugs
|
32
|
14 (44%)
|
10 (31%)
|
8 (25%)
|
|
Psychopharmacologic drugs
|
30
|
17 (57%)
|
3 (10%)
|
10 (33%)
|
|
Gastrointestinal drugs
|
16
|
6 (38%)
|
3 (19%)
|
7 (43%)
|
|
Promotional claims
| | | | |
|
Effectiveness
|
66(85%)
|
31 (84%)
|
14 (88%)
|
21 (84%)
|
|
Safety
|
6 (8%)
|
2 (5%)
|
1 (6%)
|
3 (12%)
|
|
Dosage/convenience
|
3 (4%)
|
1 (3%)
|
1 (6%)
|
1 (4%)
|
|
Neutral
|
2 (3%)
|
2 (5%)
| | |
|
Costs
|
1 (1%)
|
1 (3%)
| | |
|
Type of non-supported claim
| | | | |
|
False statement
| | |
4 (25%)
| |
|
Exaggeration
| | |
4 (25%)
| |
|
Unjustified generalization
| | |
3 (19%)
| |
|
Absence of relation
| | |
3 (19%)
| |
|
Unjustified transfer to humans
| | |
2 (13%)
| |
|
Type of claims based on potentially biased evidence
| | | | |
|
Abstract only
| | | |
9 (36%)
|
|
Selection bias
| | | |
6 (24%)
|
|
Publication bias
| | | |
5 (20%)
|
|
Information of ≥ 3 quality items of RCT* missing
| | | |
4 (16%)
|
|
Post hoc analysis
| | | |
1 (4%)
|
