Table 1 Major cardiovascular risk models and their inputs and outputs.
Risk equation | Risk factors included | Risks evaluated |
|---|---|---|
Framingham (Anderson)[7] | Age, gender, smoking, blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC)/high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) | 4 to 12-year risk of CHD events and death, all CVD events and death, all cerebrovascular events, myocardial infarction events. |
Framingham (D'Agostino)[12] | Age, gender, smoking, BP, TC/HDL ratio, alcohol, existing CVD, menopausal status (women), triglycerides in women | 2-year risk of CHD events. |
Whitehall equation[32] | Age, gender, TC, BP, cigarettes per day | 5 or 10-year risk of CHD event. |
Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE)[6] | Age, gender, smoking, BP, TC and residence in a 'high' or 'low' risk country. | 10-year risk of death from CHD or CVD. |
Munster Heart Study (PROCAM)[33] | Age, smoking, BP, low density lipoprotein (LDL), HDL, triglycerides, gamma glutamyl transferase (γGT), diabetes, existing angina, family history | Major coronary event. |
Ethrisk[11] | Age, gender, smoking, BP, TC/HDL ratio, diabetes, LVH and ethnic group | 10-year risk of CHD event. |
ASSIGN[10] | Age, gender, cigarettes per day, systolic BP, TC/HDL ratio, family history, SIMDSC10 deprivation score | 10-year risk of CVD. |
QRisk[9] | Age, gender, smoking, BP, TC/HDL, body mass index (BMI), family history, treatment with antihypertensive drugs, Townsend area deprivation score. | 10-year risk of CVD events. |