From: Use of a health information exchange system in the emergency care of children
 | Novel usage | |
---|---|---|
 | Unadjusted | Adjusted |
 | OR (95%CI)* | OR (95%CI) |
Female | 0.98 (0.90, 1.07) | 0.97 (0.89, 1.06) |
Age (years) | Â | Â |
   1 to 5 vs < 1 | 1.17 (1.06, 1.30) | 1.34 (1.19, 1.51) |
   6 to 11 vs < 1 | 0.87 (0.76, 1.00) | 1.37 (1.17, 1.60) |
   12 to 17 vs < 1 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.08) | 1.39 (1.15, 1.68) |
Race/ethnicity | Â | Â |
   African American vs White†| 1.16 (0.98, 1.36) | 1.00 (0.85, 1.18) |
   Hispanic vs White†| 1.09 (0.98, 1.10) | 0.82 (0.72, 0.93) |
   Other/unknown vs White†| 0.69 (0.61, 0.77) | 0.89 (0.70, 1.13) |
Payer | Â | Â |
   SCHIP vs Medicaid | 0.49 (0.39, 0.62) | 0.60 (0.47, 0.76) |
   Charity care vs Medicaid | 0.92 (0.84, 1.02) | 1.17 (1.06, 1.30) |
   Unknown/multiple vs Medicaid | 1.75 (1.47, 2.09) | 1.59 (1.32, 1.91) |
No. of primary care clinic visits‡ |  |  |
   1 to 3 vs 0 | 2.20 (1.97, 2.45) | 2.19 (1.96, 2.45) |
   ≥ 4 vs 0 | 2.84 (2.54, 3.18) | 2.24 (1.99, 2.52) |
No. of emergency depart visits to other facilities‡ |  |  |
   1 to 3 vs 0 | 1.11 (1.00, 1.24) | 1.04 (0.93, 1.16) |
   ≥ 4 vs 0 | 1.22 (0.92, 1.62) | 1.02 (0.76, 1.36) |
Hospitalized‡ | 1.46 (1.31, 1.62) | 1.39 (1.22, 1.57) |
No. of unique diagnosis categories | 1.22 (1.67, 1.29) | 1.15 (1.09, 1.21) |
Chronic condition indicator | 1.22 (1.03, 1.44) | 1.17 (0.97, 1.40) |
Primary diagnosis | Â | Â |
   Infectious & parasitic disease | 1.00 (0.81, 1.23) | 0.98 (0.79, 1.22) |
   Diseases of the nervous system | 0.97 (0.81, 1.17) | 0.88 (0.72, 1.06) |
   Diseases of the respiratory system | 0.95 (0.81, 1.11) | 0.88 (0.74, 1.04) |
   Diseases of the digestive system | 1.00 (0.80, 1.25) | 1.06 (0.84, 1.33) |
   Diseases of the genitourinary system | 1.15 (0.88, 1.49) | 1.15 (0.87, 1.50) |
   Diseases of the skin | 0.81 (0.65, 1.03) | 0.87 (0.68, 1.10) |
   Diseases of the musculoskeletal | 0.93 (0.64, 1.34) | 1.17 (0.81, 1.71) |
   Injury & poisoning | 0.60 (0.50, 0.73) | 0.80 (0.66, 0.97) |
   Ill-defined conditions | 1.06 (0.91, 1.25) | 1.05 (0.89, 1.23) |
   All other categories§ | 1.00 |  |
Unfamiliar patient|| | 0.17 (0.16, 0.19) | 0.19 (0.17, 0.21) |
Busier than average day¶ | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 0.96 (0.88, 1.04) |
Random part | Â | Â |
Variance (location) | Â | 25.87 (2.39, 280.11) |
Variance (patient) | Â | 1.05 (0.90, 1.23) |