Clinical decision-making, knowledge support systems, and theory’

Is pathology necessary to predict mortality among men with prostate-cancer?

Statistical models developed using administrative databases are powerful and inexpensive tools for predicting survival. Conversely, data abstraction from chart review is time-consuming and costly. Our aim was ...

Authors: David Margel, David R Urbach, Lorraine L Lipscombe, Chaim M Bell, Girish Kulkarni, Jack Baniel, Neil Fleshner and Peter C Austin

Communicating cancer treatment information using the Web: utilizing the patient’s perspective in website development

Online cancer information can support patients in making treatment decisions. However, such information may not be adequately tailored to the patient’s perspective, particularly if healthcare professionals do ...

Authors: Wendy Hopmans, Olga C Damman, Danielle RM Timmermans, Cornelis JA Haasbeek, Ben J Slotman and Suresh Senan

Practicing evidence based medicine at the bedside: a randomized controlled pilot study in undergraduate medical students assessing the practicality of tablets, smartphones, and computers in clinical life

Practicing evidence-based medicine is an important aspect of providing good medical care. Accessing external information through literature searches on computer-based systems can effectively achieve integratio...

Authors: Hendrik Friederichs, Bernhard Marschall and Anne Weissenstein

Learning to improve medical decision making from imbalanced data without a priori cost

In a medical data set, data are commonly composed of a minority (positive or abnormal) group and a majority (negative or normal) group and the cost of misclassifying a minority sample as a majority sample is h...

Authors: Xiang Wan, Jiming Liu, William K Cheung and Tiejun Tong

Development and psychometric properties of a brief measure of subjective decision quality for breast cancer treatment

Breast cancer patients face several preference-sensitive treatment decisions. Feelings such as regret or having had inadequate information about these decisions can significantly alter patient perceptions of r...

Authors: Ken Resnicow, Paul Abrahamse, Rachel S Tocco, Sarah Hawley, Jennifer Griggs, Nancy Janz, Angela Fagerlin, Adrienne Wilson, Kevin C Ward, Sheryl GA Gabram and Steven Katz

RMS: a platform for managing cross-disciplinary and multi-institutional research project collaboration

Cross-institutional cross-disciplinary collaboration has become a trend as researchers move toward building more productive and innovative teams for scientific research. Research collaboration is significantly...

Authors: Jake Luo, Carolyn Apperson-Hansen, Clara M Pelfrey and Guo-Qiang Zhang

Designing effective visualizations of habits data to aid clinical decision making

Changes in daily habits can provide important information regarding the overall health status of an individual. This research aimed to determine how meaningful information may be extracted from limited sensor ...

Authors: Joost de Folter, Hulya Gokalp, Joanna Fursse, Urvashi Sharma and Malcolm Clarke

The design of a low literacy decision aid about rheumatoid arthritis medications developed in three languages for use during the clinical encounter

Shared decision-making in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care is a priority among policy makers, clinicians and patients both nationally and internationally. Demands on patients to have basic knowledge of RA, treat...

Authors: Jennifer L Barton, Christopher J Koenig, Gina Evans-Young, Laura Trupin, Jennie Anderson, Dana Ragouzeos, Maggie Breslin, Timothy Morse, Dean Schillinger, Victor M Montori and Edward H Yelin

Improving bone mineral density reporting to patients with an illustration of personal fracture risk

To determine patients' preferences for, and understanding of, FRAX® fracture risk conveyed through illustrations.

Authors: Stephanie W Edmonds, Peter Cram, Xin Lu, Douglas W Roblin, Nicole C Wright, Kenneth G Saag and Samantha L Solimeo

Development and pilot testing of an online case-based approach to shared decision making skills training for clinicians

Although research suggests that patients prefer a shared decision making (SDM) experience when making healthcare decisions, clinicians do not routinely implement SDM into their practice and training programs a...

Authors: Robert J Volk, Navkiran K Shokar, Viola B Leal, Robert J Bulik, Suzanne K Linder, Patricia Dolan Mullen, Richard M Wexler and Gurjeet S Shokar

Can multiple SNP testing in BRCA2 and BRCA1 female carriers be used to improve risk prediction models in conjunction with clinical assessment?

Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at different loci have been associated with breast cancer susceptibility, accounting for around 10% of the familial component. Recent studies have found direct as...

Authors: Mattia CF Prosperi, Sarah L Ingham, Anthony Howell, Fiona Lalloo, Iain E Buchan and Dafydd Gareth Evans

Variability of the impact of adverse events on physicians’ decision making

Physicians frequently differ in their treatment recommendations. However, few studies have examined the reasons underlying these differences. The objective of this study was to examine whether physicians vary ...

Authors: Raluca Cozmuta, Peter A Merkel, Elizabeth Wahl and Liana Fraenkel

Adverse drug events with hyperkalaemia during inpatient stays: evaluation of an automated method for retrospective detection in hospital databases

Adverse drug reactions and adverse drug events (ADEs) are major public health issues. Many different prospective tools for the automated detection of ADEs in hospital databases have been developed and evaluate...

Authors: Grégoire Ficheur, Emmanuel Chazard, Jean-Baptiste Beuscart, Béatrice Merlin, Michel Luyckx and Régis Beuscart

A survey on computer aided diagnosis for ocular diseases

Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD), which can automate the detection process for ocular diseases, has attracted extensive attention from clinicians and researchers alike. It not only alleviates the burden on the c...

Authors: Zhuo Zhang, Ruchir Srivastava, Huiying Liu, Xiangyu Chen, Lixin Duan, Damon Wing Kee Wong, Chee Keong Kwoh, Tien Yin Wong and Jiang Liu

Improving access to clinical practice guidelines with an interactive graphical interface using an iconic language

Clinical practice guidelines are useful for physicians, and guidelines are available on the Internet from various websites such as Vidal Recos. However, these guidelines are long and difficult to read, especia...

Authors: Suzanne Pereira, Sylvain Hassler, Saliha Hamek, César Boog, Nicolas Leroy, Marie-Catherine Beuscart-Zéphir, Madeleine Favre, Alain Venot, Catherine Duclos and Jean-Baptiste Lamy

Words or numbers? Communicating risk of adverse effects in written consumer health information: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Various types of framing can influence risk perceptions, which may have an impact on treatment decisions and adherence. One way of framing is the use of verbal terms in communicating the probabilities of treat...

Authors: Roland Brian Büchter, Dennis Fechtelpeter, Marco Knelangen, Martina Ehrlich and Andreas Waltering

Prediction of adverse cardiac events in emergency department patients with chest pain using machine learning for variable selection

The key aim of triage in chest pain patients is to identify those with high risk of adverse cardiac events as they require intensive monitoring and early intervention. In this study, we aim to discover the mos...

Authors: Nan Liu, Zhi Xiong Koh, Junyang Goh, Zhiping Lin, Benjamin Haaland, Boon Ping Ting and Marcus Eng Hock Ong

Measuring decision quality: psychometric evaluation of a new instrument for breast cancer chemotherapy

Women diagnosed with early stage (I or II) breast cancer face a highly challenging decision – whether or not to undergo adjuvant chemotherapy. We developed a decision quality instrument for chemotherapy for ea...

Authors: Clara N Lee, Matthew H Wetschler, Yuchiao Chang, Jeffrey K Belkora, Beverly Moy, Ann Partridge and Karen R Sepucha

Development and evaluation of a new survey instrument to measure the quality of colorectal cancer screening decisions

Guidelines for colorectal cancer screening recommend that patients be informed about options and be able to select preferred method of screening; however, there are no existing measures available to assess whe...

Authors: Karen R Sepucha, Sandra Feibelmann, Carol Cosenza, Carrie A Levin and Michael Pignone

Publication trends of shared decision making in 15 high impact medical journals: a full-text review with bibliometric analysis

Shared Decision Making (SDM) is increasingly advocated as a model for medical decision making. However, there is still low use of SDM in clinical practice. High impact factor journals might represent an effici...

Authors: Xavier Blanc, Tinh-Hai Collet, Reto Auer, Roland Fischer, Isabella Locatelli, Pablo Iriarte, Jan Krause, France Légaré and Jacques Cornuz

The effect of a Computerised Decision Support System (CDSS) on compliance with the prehospital assessment process: results of an interrupted time-series study

Errors in the decision-making process are probably the main threat to patient safety in the prehospital setting. The reason can be the change of focus in prehospital care from the traditional “scoop and run” p...

Authors: Magnus Andersson Hagiwara, Björn-Ove Suserud, Boel Andersson-Gäre, Bengt- Arne Sjöqvist, Maria Henricson and Anders Jonsson

Values clarification in a decision aid about fertility preservation: does it add to information provision?

We aimed to evaluate the effect of a decision aid (DA) with information only compared to a DA with values clarification exercise (VCE), and to study the role of personality and information seeking style in DA-...

Authors: Mirjam M Garvelink, Moniek M ter Kuile, Anne M Stiggelbout and Marieke de Vries

Intuitive weights of harm for therapeutic decision making in smear-negative pulmonary Tuberculosis: an interview study of physicians in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh

To estimate the amount of regret and weights of harm by omission and commission during therapeutic decisions for smear-negative pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Authors: Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Mahbubur Rahman, HN Harsha Kumar, Mohsin Shah, Ahmed Manadir Hossain, Md Abu Sayem, Juan M Moreira and Jef Van den Ende

Casebook: a virtual patient iPad application for teaching decision-making through the use of electronic health records

Virtual Patients are a well-known and widely used form of interactive software used to simulate aspects of patient care that students are increasingly less likely to encounter during their studies. However, to...

Authors: Marcus D Bloice, Klaus-Martin Simonic and Andreas Holzinger

Diagnosis-specific readmission risk prediction using electronic health data: a retrospective cohort study

Readmissions after hospital discharge are a common occurrence and are costly for both hospitals and patients. Previous attempts to create universal risk prediction models for readmission have not met with succ...

Authors: Courtney Hebert, Chaitanya Shivade, Randi Foraker, Jared Wasserman, Caryn Roth, Hagop Mekhjian, Stanley Lemeshow and Peter Embi

Multi-topic assignment for exploratory navigation of consumer health information in NetWellness using formal concept analysis

Finding quality consumer health information online can effectively bring important public health benefits to the general population. It can empower people with timely and current knowledge for managing their h...

Authors: Licong Cui, Rong Xu, Zhihui Luo, Susan Wentz, Kyle Scarberry and Guo-Qiang Zhang

Intelligent Therapy Assistant (ITA) for cognitive rehabilitation in patients with acquired brain injury

This paper presents the design, development and first evaluation of an algorithm, named Intelligent Therapy Assistant (ITA), which automatically selects, configures and schedules rehabilitation tasks for patie...

Authors: Javier Solana, César Cáceres, Alberto García-Molina, Paloma Chausa, Eloy Opisso, Teresa Roig-Rovira, Ernestina Menasalvas, José M Tormos-Muñoz and Enrique J Gómez

Measuring agreement between decision support reminders: the cloud vs. the local expert

A cloud-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) was implemented to remotely provide evidence-based guideline reminders in support of preventative health. Following implementation, we measured the agreeme...

Authors: Brian Edward Dixon, Linas Simonaitis, Susan M Perkins, Adam Wright and Blackford Middleton

Manual and automated methods for identifying potentially preventable readmissions: a comparison in a large healthcare system

Identification of potentially preventable readmissions is typically accomplished through manual review or automated classification. Little is known about the concordance of these methods.

Authors: Ana H Jackson, Emily Fireman, Paul Feigenbaum, Estee Neuwirth, Patricia Kipnis and Jim Bellows

Designing privacy-friendly digital whiteboards for mediation of clinical progress

In hospitals, digital versions of dry-erase whiteboards are increasingly becoming more common. One of the purposes with such whiteboards is to support coordination of care by augmenting visibility and availabi...

Authors: Erlend Andreas Gjære and Børge Lillebo

Congruence between patients’ preferred and perceived participation in medical decision-making: a review of the literature

Patients are increasingly expected and asked to be involved in health care decisions. In this decision-making process, preferences for participation are important. In this systematic review we aim to provide a...

Authors: Linda Brom, Wendy Hopmans, H Roeline W Pasman, Danielle RM Timmermans, Guy AM Widdershoven and Bregje D Onwuteaka-Philipsen

Temporal representation of care trajectories of cancer patients using data from a regional information system: an application in breast cancer

Ensuring that all cancer patients have access to the appropriate treatment within an appropriate time is a strategic priority in many countries. There is in particular a need to describe and analyse cancer car...

Authors: Gautier Defossez, Alexandre Rollet, Olivier Dameron and Pierre Ingrand

Clinical decision support improves quality of telephone triage documentation - an analysis of triage documentation before and after computerized clinical decision support

Clinical decision support (CDS) has been shown to be effective in improving medical safety and quality but there is little information on how telephone triage benefits from CDS. The aim of our study was to com...

Authors: Frederick North, Debra D Richards, Kimberly A Bremseth, Mary R Lee, Debra L Cox, Prathibha Varkey and Robert J Stroebel

Development and pilot testing of a decision aid for drivers with dementia

An increasing number of older adults drive automobiles. Given that the prevalence of dementia is rising, it is necessary to address the issue of driving retirement. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how...

Authors: John Carmody, Jan Potter, Kate Lewis, Sanjay Bhargava, Victoria Traynor and Don Iverson

The effect of a decision aid intervention on decision making about coronary heart disease risk reduction: secondary analyses of a randomized trial

Decision aids offer promise as a practical solution to improve patient decision making about coronary heart disease (CHD) prevention medications and help patients choose medications to which they are likely to...

Authors: Stacey L Sheridan, Lindy B Draeger, Michael P Pignone, Barbara Rimer, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Jianwen Cai, Ziya Gizlice, Thomas C Keyserling and Ross J Simpson Jr

Refining a brief decision aid in stable CAD: cognitive interviews

We describe the results of cognitive interviews to refine the “Making Choices©” Decision Aid (DA) for shared decision-making (SDM) about stress testing in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).

Authors: Karen Kelly-Blake, Stacie Clark, Katherine Dontje, Adesuwa Olomu, Rebecca C Henry, David R Rovner, Marilyn L Rothert and Margaret Holmes-Rovner

A systematic review of interactive multimedia interventions to promote children’s communication with health professionals: implications for communicating with overweight children

Interactive multimedia is an emerging technology that is being used to facilitate interactions between patients and health professionals. The purpose of this review was to identify and evaluate the impact of m...

Authors: Carol Raaff, Cris Glazebrook and Heather Wharrad

Development of a personalized decision aid for breast cancer risk reduction and management

Breast cancer risk reduction has the potential to decrease the incidence of the disease, yet remains underused. We report on the development a web-based tool that provides automated risk assessment and persona...

Authors: Elissa M Ozanne, Rebecca Howe, Zehra Omer and Laura J Esserman

A decision support system to determine optimal ventilator settings

Choosing the correct ventilator settings for the treatment of patients with respiratory tract disease is quite an important issue. Since the task of specifying the parameters of ventilation equipment is entire...

Authors: Fatma Patlar Akbulut, Erkan Akkur, Aydin Akan and B Siddik Yarman

Determination of French influenza outbreaks periods between 1985 and 2011 through a web-based Delphi method

Assessing the accuracy of influenza epidemic periods determined by statistical models is important to improve the performance of algorithms used in real-time syndromic surveillance systems. This is a difficult...

Authors: Marion Debin, Cécile Souty, Clément Turbelin, Thierry Blanchon, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Thomas Hanslik, Gilles Hejblum, Yann Le Strat, Flavien Quintus and Alessandra Falchi

Prevention praised, cure preferred: results of between-subjects experimental studies comparing (monetary) appreciation for preventive and curative interventions

'An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure’ is a common saying, and indeed, most health economic studies conclude that people are more willing to pay for preventive measures than for treatment activities...

Authors: Ree M Meertens, Vivian MJ Van de Gaar, Maitta Spronken and Nanne K de Vries

Systematic review of clinical decision support interventions with potential for inpatient cost reduction

Healthcare costs are increasing rapidly and at an unsustainable rate in many countries, and inpatient hospitalizations are a significant driver of these costs. Clinical decision support (CDS) represents a prom...

Authors: Christopher L Fillmore, Bruce E Bray and Kensaku Kawamoto

Usability testing of ANSWER: a web-based methotrexate decision aid for patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Decision aids are evidence-based tools designed to inform people of the potential benefit and harm of treatment options, clarify their preferences and provide a shared decision-making structure for discussion ...

Authors: Linda C Li, Paul M Adam, Anne F Townsend, Diane Lacaille, Charlene Yousefi, Dawn Stacey, Diane Gromala, Chris D Shaw, Peter Tugwell and Catherine L Backman

Erratum to: On the alert: future priorities for alerts in clinical decision support for computerized physician order entry identified from a European workshop

Authors: Jamie J Coleman, Heleen van der Sijs, Walter E Haefeli, Sarah P Slight, Sarah E McDowell, Hanna M Seidling, Birgit Eiermann, Jos Aarts, Elske Ammenwerth, Ann Slee and Robin E Ferner