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Table 1 Examples of sentences extracted from CMR reports by NLP

From: Natural language processing for identification of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients from cardiac magnetic resonance reports

Phenotypic characteristic

Example sentences

HCM diagnosis

Yes: Findings consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

No: There is no evidence for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

HCM morphologic subtype

Sigmoid: consistent with sigmoid morphologic subtype of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Reverse curvature: consistent with reverse curve morphologic subtype hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Neutral: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, neutral subtype

Apical: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, apical morphologic subtype

Systolic anterior motion of mitral valve

Yes: Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve is present

No: No systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve

Mitral regurgitation

Yes: Mitral regurgitation is present

No: No mitral regurgitation seen

Presence of LV obstruction

Yes: There is turbulent flow in the left ventricular outflow tract

No: No turbulence is seen in the LV outflow tract

Location of obstruction (LVOT, mid-ventricular)

LVOT: There is turbulent flow in the left ventricular outflow tract

LV cavity: turbulent flow is present in the mid chamber

Apical pouch

Yes: A small apical pouch is noted

No: No evidence of apical pouch

Left ventricular delayed enhancement

Yes: Delayed myocardial enhancement within the left ventricular apex

No: Delayed myocardial enhancement is not present

Left atrial enlargement

Yes: Enlarged left atrium

No: No significant left atrial enlargement

Right atrial enlargement

Yes: Right atrial enlargement

No: No significant right atrial enlargement

Maximal LV wall thickness

The maximal thickness of the myocardium measured in diastole is 22 mm

LV mass

LV End Diastolic Mass = 426 g

LV mass index

LV End Diastolic Mass Index = 186 g/m2

LV ejection fraction

Hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction; 83%

RV ejection fraction

RV Ejection Fraction: 61%

  1. HCM = hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, LV = left ventricular, LVOT = left ventricular outflow tract, RV = right ventricular