Table 2 Participant’s responses about the importance of the components in telehealth business prerequisites and production dimensions (Round one)
No | Dimensions | Components | Subcomponents | Very important | Important | Neutral | Less important | Unimportant | Mean ± SD | Median (1st–3rd quartile) | Agreement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | |||||||
1 | Telehealth business prerequisites | Value proposition | Financial value | 11 (52.4) | 5 (23.8) | 5 (23.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.28 ± 0.84 | 5 (4–5) | |
2 | Non-financial value | 13 (61.9) | 6 (28.6) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.47 ± 0.81 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
3 | Value capture | 11 (52.4) | 6 (28.6) | 4 (19) | 0 | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.79 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
4 | Delivering value | 7 (33.3) | 11 (52.4) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.14 ± 0.79 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
5 | Business initial requirements | Intellectual property rights | 11 (52.4) | 7 (33.3) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.38 ± 0.74 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | |
6 | Trust in idea registration centers | 8 (38.1) | 7 (33.3) | 5 (23.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.04 ± 0.92 | 4 (3–5) | * | ||
7 | Time lag between the idea generation and manufacturing | 11 (52.4) | 4 (19) | 4 (19) | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 4.14 ± 1/06 | 5 (3–5) | * | ||
8 | Team working skills | 16 (76.2) | 5 (23.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.67 ± 0.43 | 5 (5–5) | ✓ | ||
9 | Business plan | 11 (52.4) | 9 (42.9) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.47 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
10 | Partners’ expertise | 12 (57.1) | 9 (42.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.57 ± 0.50 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
11 | Required capital and financial resources | 12 (57.1) | 9 (42.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.75 ± 0.50 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
12 | Telehealth business production | Key resources | Human resources | 18 (85.7) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.85 ± 0.35 | 5 (5–5) | ✓ |
13 | Physical resources | 6 (28.6) | 11 (52.4) | 4 (19) | 0 | 0 | 4.09 ± 0.70 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
14 | Financial resources | 11 (52.4) | 7 (33.3) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.38 ± 0.74 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
15 | Key activities | Multi-stage assessment of the product | 11 (52.4) | 9 (42.9) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.47 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | |
16 | Research and analysis | 16 (76.2) | 4 (19) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.71 ± 0.56 | 5 (5–5) | ✓ | ||
17 | Marketing and branding | 12 (57.1) | 9 (42.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.57 ± 0.50 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
18 | Business counselling and mentorship | 8 (38.1) | 12 (57.1) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.57 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
19 | Effective communication with the stakeholders | 8 (38.1) | 11 (52.4) | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 0 | 4.28 ± 0.64 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
20 | Risk management (e.g., clinical, legal, and market risks) | 11 (52.4) | 8 (38.1) | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 0 | 4.42 ± 0.67 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
21 | Telehealth business production | Key partners | Legal partners (Public and private companies) | 5 (23.8) | 14 (66.7) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.09 ± 0.70 | 4 (4–4) | ✓ |
22 | Real partners (e.g., physician, patients, treatment staff) | 12 (57.1) | 8 (38.1) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.52 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
23 | NGOs’ partnership | 4 (19) | 6 (28.6) | 10 (47.6) | 0 | 1 (4.8) | 3.57 ± 0.97 | 3 (3–4) | * | ||
24 | Licenses and permissions | Security-based licenses | 14 (66.7) | 5 (23.8) | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 0 | 4.57 ± 0.67 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | |
25 | General and optional licenses | 3 (14.3) | 12 (57.1) | 3 (14.3) | 1 (4.8) | 2 (9/5) | 3.61 ± 1.11 | 4 (3–4) | * | ||
26 | Legislations in all areas | 13 (61.9) | 4 (19) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 4.28 ± 1.14 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
27 | Stakeholders | Partnership with stakeholders | 12 (57.1) | 8 (38.1) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.52 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | |
28 | Discussions between the stakeholders | 7 (33.3) | 10 (47.6) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.04 ± 0.97 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
29 | Stakeholder credibility | 9 (42.9) | 10 (47.6) | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.65 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
30 | Market | Current and future competitors | 11 (52.4) | 7 (33.3) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.38 ± 0.74 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | |
31 | Structure of the market | 8 (38.1) | 8 (38.1) | 5 (23.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.14 ± 0.79 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
32 | Marketing and supporting strategies | 12 (57.1) | 8 (38.1) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.52 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
33 | Competitiveness in the market | 15 (71.4) | 6 (28.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.71 ± 0.46 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
34 | Support services | Financial support | 10 (47.6) | 8 (38.1) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.73 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | |
35 | Legal and policy protections | 10 (47.6) | 8 (38.1) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.23 ± 0.99 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
36 | Customer and user support | 16 (76.2) | 5 (23.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.76 ± 0.43 | 5 (5–5) | ✓ | ||
37 | Insurance companies’ support | 13 (61.9) | 5 (23.8) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.42 ± 0.87 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
38 | Supporting manufacturers | 10 (47.6) | 8 (38.1) | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 0 | 4.23 ± 0.99 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
39 | Technical services (appropriate technical infrastructure, data exchange standards, confidentiality protocols, etc.) | 16 (76.2) | 5 (23.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.76 ± 0.43 | 5 (5–5) | ✓ | ||
40 | Telehealth business production | Customers and users | Demand-based production | 11 (52.4) | 10 (47.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.52 ± 0.51 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ |
41 | User interface design | 12 (57.1) | 8 (38.1) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.52 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
42 | Customer relationship management | 13 (61.9) | 8 (38.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.61 ± 0.49 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
43 | User training | 10 (47.6) | 11 (52.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.47 ± 0.51 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
44 | Healthcare delivery models | 11 (52.4) | 9 (42.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.47 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
45 | User acceptance | 11 (52.4) | 9 (42.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.47 ± 0.60 | 5 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
46 | Telehealth business payments and costs | Cost structure | Production and logistics costs | 6 (28.6) | 12 (57.1) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.14 ± 0.65 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ |
47 | Cost of hardware and software infrastructure | 10 (47.6) | 9 (42.8) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.79 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
48 | Cost of commercialization | 11 (52.4) | 7 (33.3) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.38 ± 0.74 | 5 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
49 | Tax | 6 (28.6) | 4 (19) | 8 (38.1) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 3.61 ± 1.07 | 3 (3–5) | * | ||
50 | Other tangible and intangible costs | 6 (28.6) | 5 (23.8) | 10 (47.6) | 0 | 0 | 3.80 ± 0.87 | 4 (5–3) | * | ||
51 | Pricing | Pricing by product manufacturers | 5 (23.8) | 8 (38.1) | 8 (38.1) | 0 | 0 | 3.85 ± 0.79 | 4 (3–4) | * | |
52 | Pricing by an independent organization | 4 (19) | 7 (33.3) | 7 (33.3) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 3.57 ± 0.97 | 4 (3–4) | * | ||
53 | Economical pricing | 11 (52.4) | 7 (33.3) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.65 | 4 (4–5) | ✓ | ||
54 | Revenue making | Selling products | 8 (38.1) | 8 (38.1) | 4 (19) | 0 | 1 (4.8) | 4.04 ± 1.02 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | |
55 | Selling data | 4 (19) | 7 (33.3) | 7 (33.3) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 3.52 ± 1.07 | 4 (3–4) | * | ||
56 | Receiving payments from product users | 7 (33.3) | 11 (52.4) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.19 ± 0.67 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
57 | Revenue model | Revenue making strategies | 10 (47.6) | 9 (42.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 1 (4.8) | 4.28 ± 0.95 | 4 (4–4) | ✓ | |
58 | Current and future revenue streams | 6 (28.6) | 11 (52.4) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 1 (4.8) | 4 ± 0.94 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
59 | Financial stability | 14 (66.6) | 6 (28.6) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.61 ± 0.58 | 5 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
60 | Profitability | 11 (52.4) | 7 (33.3) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 4.23 ± 1.09 | 5 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
61 | Telehealth business post-production services | Product evaluation | In-person feedback | 7 (33.3) | 8 (38.1) | 4 (19) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8) | 3.90 ± 1.09 | 4 (5–3) | * |
62 | Electronic feedback | 7 (33.3) | 11 (52.4) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 3.61 ± 1.11 | 4 (3–4) | ✓ | ||
63 | Research-based feedback | 8 (38.1) | 9 (42.8) | 4 (19) | 0 | 0 | 4.19 ± 0.74 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
64 | Responsibility of telehealth services | Full responsibility for providing telehealth services | 12 (57.1) | 8 (38.1) | 0 | 0 | 1 (4.8) | 4.47 ± 0.74 | 5 (5–4) | ✓ | |
65 | Relative responsibility for providing telehealth services | 3 (14.3) | 10 (47.6) | 7 (33.3) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.04 ± 0.97 | 4 (4–5) | * | ||
66 | Product Protection | Patent registration | 5 (23.8) | 8 (38.1) | 4 (19) | 4 (19) | 0 | 3.57 ± 1.24 | 4 (3–4) | * | |
67 | Maintaining confidentiality in telehealth services | 12 (57.1) | 5 (23.8) | 3 (14.3) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.91 | 5 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
68 | Official product registration | 10 (47.6) | 9 (42.8) | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 0 | 4.33 ± 0.66 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
69 | Receiving certificate of excellence | 8 (38.1) | 7 (33.3) | 2 (9.5) | 2 (9.5) | 2 (9.5) | 3.80 ± 1.32 | 4 (5–3) | * | ||
70 | Product marketing | Traditional marketing | 14 (66.7) | 4 (19) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.52 ± 0.74 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | |
71 | Digital marketing | 9 (42.8) | 9 (42.8) | 3 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 4.28 ± 0.71 | 4 (5–4) | ✓ | ||
72 | Marketing at scientific congresses and science and technology exhibitions | 9 (42.8) | 5 (23.8) | 4 (19) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 3.90 ± 1.22 | 4 (5–3) | * | ||
73 | Making contracts | Commercial contracts | 11 (52.4) | 9 (42.8) | 1 (4.8) | 0 | 0 | 4.47 ± 0.60 | 5 (5–4) | ✓ | |
74 | Non-commercial contracts | 4 (19) | 9 (42.8) | 5 (23.8) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 3.61 ± 1.07 | 4 (3–4) | * |