Table 1 Eligibility criteria developed using the SPIDER framework

Sample

Physicians and surgeons who practice in roles recognised by the Medical Board of Australia [41] were included. For international clarity, physicians included specialist doctors, a full break down of which is provided by the Medical Board of Australia [41].

All other medical or health practitioners were excluded for example nurses, physical therapists, or pharmacists.

The articles was excluded if the sample was combined or the specific role was unclear, for example “health professional”.

Physicians or surgeons were fully trained. Those completing internships or medical residency programs were excluded.

Phenomenon of Interest

Clinical performance data or feedback that had been derived from an electronic source, for example electronic health record or patient administration system, were included.

Articles that did not provide the above were excluded, this included exploration into the prospect of using data in this way.

Design

All qualitative research designs were included as they all provided insights into the experiences with clinical performance data or feedback.

Mixed-methods research designs were included however only the qualitative results were included for analysis. For example, open text responses, to an otherwise quantitative survey, were included.

Evaluation

The sensemaking process was evaluated.

As no articles explored this directly, included articles were synthesised and reviewed against existing sensemaking literature to address the research objectives.

Research Type

Both qualitative and mixed-methods research were included however only the qualitative aspects will be analysed.

Quantitative research was excluded. This is because no research has explored the sensemaking process when interacting with clinical performance data or feedback, therefore no inferences could be made from quantitative research that does not explore this.