Table 2 Data labeling criteria

Normal finding (labeled as 0)

NA

The scenarios when all organs are described as normal

Irrelevant finding (labeled as 1)

Bone:

If any lesion is observed and should be reported; meanwhile, the clinician is confident that the image finding provided limited information for diagnosis of tinnitus.

Any Degeneration

Brain:

-Brain degeneration

Nose and Sinus:

-Nasosinusitis (frontal sinus, sphenoid sinus, ethmoid sinus, maxillary sinus (except acute inflammation involving adjacent bone structures))

-Nasal turbinate hypertrophy

-Deviation of nasal septum

-Sinus cyst

External/middle ear: -

Chronic middle ear mastoiditis (except acute inflammation involving adjacent bone structures)

-Auditory canal cerumen

-Low middle cranial fossa

Relative finding (labeled as 2)

Bone: -

If one or more image findings should be reported in detail, and lead to a certain diagnosis for further examination or clinical evaluation. Or the image finding addressed a need for urgent communication with clinicians for timely treatment. Since there is variability in language expression, the labeler’s judgment is used as reference.

Sigmoid sinus bone wall deficiency

-Superior semicircular canal dehiscence

-Auditory ossicle abnormality

-Bone fracture

-High jugular fossa

Brain:

-Neoplasms

-Intracranial hemorrhage

-Cerebral infarction

-Cerebral herniation

Nose and sinus cavity:

-Neoplasms

-Nasosinusitis (morphologically altered bone or sinus tract obstruction)

External/Middle ear:

-Tympanic lesion (inflammation, neoplasm or perforation)

-Otosclerosis

-Cholesteatoma

-Other neoplasm observed within the imaging field