Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: Telemedicine application in patients with chronic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author, year | Participants with disease | Telemedicine inventions | Intervention providers | Outcome index | Experiment duration | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Han Yun et al. [30] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:46 (2) Control sample size:45 Age:25–75 | Telemedicine inventions: web-based consultation | Endocrinologist; nurse; nutritionist; exercise therapist; doctor | HbA1c FBG PBG | 3/6/12 months | FBG was reduced |
Kun et al. [40] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size: 97 Age: 52.6士9.1 (2) Control sample size:89 Age: 54.7土10.3 | Telemedicine inventions: Telemonitoring | Nurse Doctor | HbA1C FBG HDL-C LDL-C | 3/6 months | FBG, HbA1c were improved |
Lee et al. [28] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:120 Age: 56.1 ± 9.2 (2) Control sample size:120 Age: 70.9 ± 6.8 | Telemedicine inventions: Telemonitoring | Doctor Researcher Clinician | HbA1C FBG BP LDL Total cholesterol | 1/3/6/12 months | SBP and total cholesterol were statistically significant |
Shea et al. [38] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:700 Age: 70.8 ± 6.5 (2) Control sample size:717 Age: 70.9 ± 6.8 | Telemedicine inventions: Remote consultation | Nurse case manages; physician | HbA1c LDL BP | 12 months | HbA1c, BP and LDL were improved |
Shea et al. [39] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:729 Age: 70.8 ± 6.5 (2) Control sample size:716 Age: 70.9 ± 6.8 | Telemedicine inventions: remote consultation | Nurse case manages; physician | HbA1c LDL BP | 12/24/36/48/60 months | HbA1c, BP and LDL levels were improved |
Sood et al. [31] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:199 Age: 61.6 ± 9.4 (2)Control sample size:83 Age: 61.1 ± 10.0 | Telemedicine inventions: Remote consultation | A team of a diabetes specialist (endocrinologist) and a nurse practitioner | HbA1c BP LDL HDL | 18 months | HbA1c was no statistically significant |
Fountoulakis et al. [26] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:70 Age: 55.2 ± 16.1 (2) Control sample size:35 Age: 55.4 ± 19.2 | Telemedicine inventions: telemonitoring | Outpatient Department Endocrinologists Doctor | HbA1c BMI Cost | 3/6/6 months after discontinuation | Telemonitoring effective in rapidly reducing HbA1c |
Lu et al. [35] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:60 Age:56.75 ± 12.05 (2) Control sample size:59 Age: 53.17 ± 11.44 | Telemedicine inventions: Internet-based consultation | pharmacist | HbA1c FBG edication | 6 months | HbA1c and FBG were no statistically significant |
Yuli Hu et al. [34] | (Diabetes) (1) Experiment sample size:72 Age:50.04 ± 5.76 (2) Control sample size:70 Age:52.21 ± 8.38 | Telemedicine inventions: Internet-based consultation | Doctors Nurses | HbA1c Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio Carotid plaque | The telemedicine system reduced rate of hypoglycemia and indexes of HbA1c | |
Jia et al. [32] | (Hypertension) (1) Experiment sample size:81 Age: 70.2 ± 6.5 (2) Control sample size:81 Age: 69.2 ± 6.7 | Telemedicine inventions: Internet-based consultation | Nurse Doctor | BP | 6 months | BP was improved |
Margolis et al. [37] | (Hypertension) (1) Experiment sample size:228 Age: 62.0 ± 11.7 (2) Control sample size:222 Age: 60.2 ± 12.2 | Telemedicine inventions: telemonitoring | Pharmacists Doctor | BP | 6/12/18/54 months | BP was decreased after 12 months |
McManus et al. [33] | (Hypertension) (1)Experiment sample size:234 Age: 66.6 ± 8.8 (2) Control sample size:246 Age: 66.2 ± 8.8 | Telemedicine inventions: Telemonitoring | Research team; Family doctor | BP | 6/12 months | BP changed significantly after 6 months and 12 months |
Richard et al. | (Hypertension) (1) Experiment sample size:269 Age: 65.2 ± 10.3 (2) Control sample size:278 Age: 66.7 ± 10.2 | Telemedicine inventions: telemonitoring | Healthcare practitioners | BP | 6/12 months | The systolic blood pressure was improved after one year than usual care |
Song et al. [29] | (Rheumatoid arthritis) (1) Experiment sample size: 41 (2) Control sample size: 36 Age: 55.26 ± 10.84 | Telemedicine inventions: telemonitoring | Nurses | Medication compliance Disease activity | 3/6 months | The intervention group had significantly higher medication adherence |
Ferwerda et al. [27] | (Rheumatoid arthritis) (1) Experiment sample size: 62 (2) Control sample size: 71 Age: 56.35 ± 10.00 | Telemedicine inventions: internet-based consultation | Therapists | Beck depression inventory Negative mood Anxiety Satisfaction | 3/6/9/12 months | Patients with psychological distress have reduced |