Ā | PFO (nā=ā697) | ASD (nā=ā785) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Sex (Female) ā n (%) | 305 (43.8) | 498 (63.4) | ā<ā0.001 |
Age group ā n (%) | Ā | Ā | ā<ā0.001 |
Ā 18ā60 | 542 (77.8) | 540 (68.8) | Ā |
Ā >ā60 | 155 (22.2) | 245 (31.2) | Ā |
Clinical characteristics | |||
Ischemic stroke (total numberāā„ā1)ān (%) | 275 (39.5) | 29 (3.7) | ā<ā0.001 |
Hemorrhagic stroke (total numberāā„ā1)ān (%) | ā<ā61 | ā<ā61 | 0.600 |
TIA (total numberāā„ā1)ān (%) | 67 (9.6) | 15 (1.9) | ā<ā0.001 |
Other CHD hospitalizationsān (%) | 144 (20.7) | 167 (21.3) | 0.821 |
Peripheral embolism, pulmonary embolism, or DVTān (%) | 40 (5.7) | 13 (1.7) | ā<ā0.001 |
Dyslipidemiaān (%) | ā<ā61 | ā<ā61 | 1.000 |
Thrombophiliaān (%) | ā<ā61 | ā<ā61 | 0.918 |
Migraineān (%) | 81 (11.6) | 31 (3.9) | ā<ā0.001 |
Renal failureān (%) | 12 (1.7) | 32 (4.1) | 0.012 |
AFān (%) | 50 (7.2) | 120 (15.3) | ā<ā0.001 |
CADān (%) | 114 (16.4) | 166 (21.1) | 0.022 |
CHFān (%) | 34 (4.9) | 63 (8.0) | 0.019 |
COPDān (%) | 93 (13.3) | 97 (12.4) | 0.625 |
Diabetesān (%) | 72 (10.3) | 106 (13.5) | 0.073 |
HTNān (%) | 258 (37.0) | 302 (38.5) | 0.601 |
Intervention codes2 | |||
Fluoroscopy, heart NEC without contrastān (%) | 20 (2.9) | 26 (3.3) | 0.734 |
Xray | |||
Ā Thoracic cavity NECān (%) | 41 (5.9) | 17 (2.2) | ā<ā0.001 |
Ā Intravenous contrast injection, coronary veinsān (%) | 127 (18.2) | 118 (15.0) | 0.114 |
Ā Intraarterial contrast injection, pulmonary arteryān (%) | 298 (42.8) | 343 (43.7) | 0.755 |
Ā Intracardiac contrast injection, pulmonary artery | 39 (5.6) | 10 (1.3) | ā<ā0.001 |
Steady state respiratory function studyān (%) | 134 (19.2) | 85 (10.8) | ā<ā0.001 |
Heart capacity measurement, oxygen consumption techniqueān (%) | 123 (17.6) | 129 (16.4) | 0.581 |
Pressure measurementān (%) | 169 (24.2) | 318 (40.5) | ā<ā0.001 |
Ultrasound heart NEC, cardiac catheter inspectionān (%) | 52 (7.5) | 70 (8.9) | 0.356 |
Heart and coronary artery ultrasoundān (%) | 55 (7.9) | 115 (14.6) | ā<ā0.001 |