Table 11 Examples of publications utilising clustering or visualisation as a supplemental technique

Basole et al. [60, 61], utilizing toolbox of Kumar et al. [62]

Bettencourt-Silva et al. [63, 64]

Visualisation of patient pathways filtered and/or aggregated according to biomarkers and clinical characteristics

Caballero et al. [65]

Combine visualisation of biomarkers and conformance analysis against guidelines across patient derived care pathways

Ozkaynak et al. [66]

Variations in workflow according to triage acuity across multiple sites determined using transition matrix representations of visualised derived care pathways

Perer et al. [67]

Huang et al. [68]

Sankey diagrams used to present association of care pathways with prescriptions [67] and comorbidities and complications [68]

Zhang and Padman [69]

Zhang et al. [70]

Dagliati et al. [18, 71]

Najjar et al. [72]

Nuemi et al. [73]

Representative care pathways visualised from clustering derived care pathways. Enhanced with comorbidity data [70, 72], correlated with biomarkers [18, 71], or across multiple sites [73]