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Table 5 Factors associated with access to different assistive technology and telecare items in home-dwelling persons with dementia.a

From: Factors associated with access to assistive technology and telecare in home-dwelling people with dementia: baseline data from the LIVE@Home.Path trial

 

Sensor devices

Tracking devicec (n = 23)

Everyday devicesd (n = 124)

Passiveb (n = 11)

Active (social alarm) (n = 109)

Obligated (stove guard) (n = 119)

OR [95%CI]

P

OR [95%CI]

P

OR [95%CI]

P

OR [95%CI]

P

OR [95%CI]

P

Sex (female)

4.16 [0.41–42.6]

.23

2.48 [1.21–5.10]

.01

2.21 [1.18–4.11]

.01

1.52 [0.54–4.30]

.43

1.96 [1.04–3.70]

.04

Age

0.98 [0.85–1.13]

.76

1.13 [1.07–1.19]

 < .001

1.07 [1.02–1.12]

.007

0.88 [0.82–0.96]

.004

1.07 [1.02–1.12]

.007

Cohabitation status

 Spouse/partner

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Alone

3.05 [0.14–65.2]

.48

3.96 [1.52–10.3]

.005

1.49 [0.64–3.48]

.36

1.31 [0.28–6.19]

.73

1.44 [0.59–3.48]

.42

 Fall (yes)

NA

 

1.53 [0.46–5.12]

.49

NA

 

NA

 

0.92 [0.30–2.82]

.88

Severity of dementia index

 Low

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Medium

1.46 [0.35–6.16]

.60

1.42 [0.35–5.80]

.63

3.49 [1.00–12.2]

.05

1.52 [0.36–6.51]

.57

2.51 [0.71–8.89]

.15

 High

2.57 [0.61–10.9]

.20

2.63 [0.64–10.7]

.18

2.80 [0.79–9.90]

.11

2.01 [0.42–9.58]

.38

2.94 [0.82–10.5]

.10

 GMHR

0.89 [0.57–1.37]

.58

0.90 [0.60–1.35]

.60

1.11 [0.76–1.60]

.58

1.53 [0.80–2.94]

.20

1.54 [1.05–2.26]

.03

 PADL

0.95 [0.74–1.21]

.66

1.03 [0.91–1.15]

.67

0.98 [0.89–1.09]

.78

0.90 [0.76–1.05]

.19

1.00 [0.90–1.11]

.98

IADL

1.03 [0.87–1.20]

.76

1.06 [0.98–1.14]

.13

1.02 [0.96–1.09]

.53

1.01 [0.92–1.13]

.78

1.10 [1.02–1.18]

.008

Telephone use—operates by own initiative, looks up and dials numbers

0.26 [0.05–1.38]

.11

0.27 [0.06–1.32]

.11

5.41 [0.55–53.4]

.15

0.15 [0.01–4.04]

.26

0.29 [0.07–1.28]

.10

CG age

1.00 [0.96–1.03]

.83

1.00 [0.96–1.03]

.78

0.96 [0.93–0.99]

.02

0.99 [0.94–1.05]

.79

0.95 [0.92–0.98]

.002

CG sex (men)

1.01 [0.18–5.78]

.99

1.11 [0.56–2.22]

.76

1.05 [0.55–1.98]

.87

0.46 [0.12–1.74]

.25

0.85 [0.44–1.64]

.63

CG living with the PwD (yes)

0.28 [0.06–1.42]

.13

0.36 [0.08–1.69]

.20

0.49 [0.12–2.02]

.32

0.94 [0.10–8.71]

.96

0.15 [0.01–1.73]

.13

CG`s contribution to care

 1–20%

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

 21–40%

1.33 [0.23–7.79]

.76

0.65 [0.10–4.15]

.65

0.34 [0.07–1.64]

.18

0.41 [0.02–8.44]

.65

0.91 [0.18–4.64]

.91

 41–60%

0.67 [0.13–3.47]

.64

0.37 [0.07–2.10]

.26

0.94 [0.22–4.05]

.93

1.28 [0.11–14.7]

.84

0.94 [0.21–4.20]

.94

 61–80%

0.46 [0.09–2.32]

.35

0.26 [0.05–1.43]

.12

0.59 [0.14–2.48]

.47

1.09 [0.10–12.5]

.94

0.69 [0.16–3.02]

.62

 81–100%

0.67 [0.13–3.31]

.62

0.41 [0.07–2.20]

.30

0.54 [0.13–2.21]

.39

0.83 [0.07–10.1]

.88

0.58 [0.13–2.53]

.47

  1. an = 276. Access to one of the devices or one ATT group did not mutually exclusive the access to others. P-value calculated by logistic regression, adjusted for age (PwD + cg), sex (PwD), living statuscohabitation status, MMSE-NR3, FAST, GMHR, IADL, and PADL.GMHR, IADL, PADL, MMSE-NR3, and FAST. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CG, caregiver; FAST, functional assessment staging tool; GMHR, general medical health rating; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; MMSE-NR3, Norwegian revised Mini Mental State Examination; OR, odds ratio; P, P-value; PADL, personal activities of daily living; PwD, pereson with dementia
  2. b6 items; light sensor, refrigerator sensor,, flood-, fall-, bed occupancy- and door sensor
  3. cTracking device and social alarm with tracking device
  4. dCalendar support, door camera, electronic door lock, electronic pill box, timer on electronic device, and watch with memory function/voice