Automatic detection of actionable radiology reports using bidirectional encoder representations from transformers

Table 4 Results of statistical analysis to examine the performance of each detection method

Use of order information	Metrics	Method	p values
Use of order information	Metrics	Method	versus GBDT	versus LSTM	versus BERT
(−)	AUPRC	LR	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
		GBDT	–	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
		LSTM	–	–	p < 0.0001
	Average precision	LR	p < 0.0001	p = 0.0002	p < 0.0001
		GBDT	–	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
		LSTM	–	–	p < 0.0001
( +)	AUPRC	LR	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
		GBDT	–	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
		LSTM	–	–	p < 0.0001
	Average precision	LR	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
		GBDT	–	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
		LSTM	–	–	p < 0.0001

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