Table 1 mHealth and eRecord systems in use at surveyed health facilities
eRecord systems/mHealth applications | Description | DBMS | Public Hosp. (n = 7) | Private Hosp. (n = 2) | Public clinics (n = 3) | Private clinics (n = 3) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Integrated Patient Management System (IPMS) | An integrated and centralised patient medical record system with 12 interoperable modules. Currently at all public hospitals, and some clinics | Microsoft SQL (Relational) | 7 | – | 3 | – | 10 |
Patient Management Information Systems (PIMS) | A standalone system for management of HIV patient’s medical records and used in clinics and health posts, which do not have IPMS | Microsoft SQL (Relational) | – | – | 3 | – | 3 |
R-Care | Health information system which supports clinical, financial and procurement modules | Procedural Languages PL/SQL (Relational) | – | 1a | – | – | 1 |
Sukraa Hospital Information Management System | Sukraa health information system supporting all clinical data management and linked with the SAP suite for supporting the billing module | Microsoft SQL (Relational) | – | 1a | – | – | 1 |
Laboratory Information Management System (Senaite) | An open source system customised for specific laboratory workflows (complete circle of laboratory specimen sample) | Zope Object Oriented database (Non-relational) | – | – | – | 1 | 1 |
TriMed systems | Patient administration services from registration to discharge from the hospital, including billing and medications | Microsoft SQL (Relational) | – | 1b | – | – | 1 |
District Health Information System (DHIS2) | An open source Web based system used for capturing aggregated data on patient diagnosis at each of the health districts | Postgre-SQL (Relational) | 7 | – | – | – | 7 |
OpenMRS | An open source system for capturing/storage of TB patient’s data | MySQL (Relational) | 7 | – | – | – | 7 |
Mobile Telemedicine (Kgonafalo) | mHealth application to communicate patient data and images between facilities and specialists at referral hospitals. Services included: oral medicine, radiological services, dermatology and cervical cancer screening | MySQL (Relational) | 1 | – | – | – | 1 |
Arcus Air (web based) | Used within medical wards (EMR) for medical record keeping and related clinical services | MongoDB (Non-relational) | – | 1b | – | – | 1 |
Optima | Used for patient registration, billing and report generation | Microsoft SQL (Relational) | – | – | – | 3 | 3 |