Table 2 Characteristics of the non-interventional observational studies identified in the present study
Characteristic | Single-center study | Multi-center study | PMS study | Study using a disease registry/database | Study using a large-scale integrated database | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subtotal (percentage of total article number [1511]) | 663 | (43.9) | 315 | (20.8) | 38 | (2.5) | 165 | (10.9) | 330 | (21.8) |
Study design | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
Prospective | 182 | 27.5 | 150 | 47.6 | 28 | 73.7 | 62 | 37.6 | 6 | 1.8 |
Retrospective | 366 | 55.2 | 110 | 34.9 | 0 | 0 | 68 | 41.2 | 243 | 73.6 |
Unknowna | 115 | 17.3 | 55 | 17.5 | 10 | 26.3 | 35 | 21.2 | 81 | 24.5 |
Target disease or therapeutic area | ||||||||||
Infectious and parasitic diseases other than COVID-19 | 31 | 4.7 | 18 | 5.7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 4.2 | 34 | 10.3 |
COVID-19 | 2 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Cancer and neoplasm | 74 | 11.2 | 56 | 17.8 | 6 | 15.8 | 16 | 9.7 | 28 | 8.5 |
Diseases of the blood and blood forming organs | 2 | 0.3 | 5 | 1.6 | 2 | 5.3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.3 |
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | 9 | 1.4 | 1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.2 | 12 | 3.6 |
Diabetes | 20 | 3.0 | 10 | 3.2 | 6 | 15.8 | 3 | 1.8 | 48 | 14.5 |
Mental disorder | 6 | 0.9 | 5 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.8 | 11 | 3.3 |
Disease of the Nervous system | 21 | 3.2 | 8 | 2.5 | 1 | 2.6 | 2 | 1.2 | 14 | 4.2 |
Disease of the eye and adnexa | 43 | 6.5 | 10 | 3.2 | 1 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.6 |
Disease of the ear and mastoid process | 3 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.3 | 1 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Disease of the Circulatory system | 124 | 18.7 | 49 | 15.6 | 7 | 18.4 | 79 | 47.9 | 41 | 12.4 |
Disease of the Respiratory system | 32 | 4.8 | 11 | 3.5 | 1 | 2.6 | 7 | 4.2 | 12 | 3.6 |
Disease of the Digestive system | 25 | 3.8 | 18 | 5.7 | 1 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 4.5 |
Disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | 6 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.2 | 4 | 1.2 |
Disease of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | 18 | 2.7 | 20 | 6.3 | 8 | 21.1 | 13 | 7.9 | 15 | 4.5 |
Disease of the genitourinary system | 24 | 3.6 | 16 | 5.1 | 2 | 5.3 | 3 | 1.8 | 9 | 2.7 |
Pregnancy, childbirth, perinatal | 19 | 2.9 | 8 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.8 | 9 | 2.7 |
Injury, other consequences of eternal causes | 34 | 5.1 | 18 | 5.7 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 6.1 | 14 | 4.2 |
Others | 170 | 25.6 | 60 | 19.0 | 2 | 5.3 | 15 | 9.1 | 61 | 18.5 |
Patient number | ||||||||||
99≦ | 278 | 41.9 | 70 | 22.2 | 1 | 2.6 | 4 | 2.4 | 2 | 0.6 |
100–299 | 214 | 32.3 | 83 | 26.3 | 4 | 10.5 | 19 | 11.5 | 9 | 2.7 |
300–999 | 118 | 17.8 | 83 | 26.3 | 9 | 23.7 | 42 | 25.5 | 27 | 8.2 |
1000–2999 | 36 | 5.4 | 53 | 16.8 | 9 | 23.7 | 28 | 17.0 | 40 | 12.1 |
3000–9999 | 10 | 1.5 | 20 | 6.3 | 13 | 34.2 | 29 | 17.6 | 59 | 17.9 |
10,000–99,999 | 6 | 0.9 | 5 | 1.6 | 2 | 5.3 | 23 | 13.9 | 95 | 28.8 |
≧100,000 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 12.1 | 98 | 29.7 |