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Table 1 Frequency and duration of dashboard interactions in the 43 participating general practices in Salford during the first year of the SMASH intervention. All presented data are medians (interquartile range) across practices

From: Understanding the utilisation of a novel interactive electronic medication safety dashboard in general practice: a mixed methods study

 

Median average number of views per month (IQR)

Median average time spent in minutes per month (IQR)

Median total number of at-risk patients (IQR)

Users

 Any user

6.6 (4.2–9.3)

113.8 (74.1–183.2)

 

 Pharmacists

5.9 (3.3–8.2)

104.7 (51.2–136.0)

 

 Practice staff

0.5 (0.0–1.5)

5.3 (0.0–27.6)

 

Time

 First quarter

12.0 (5.0–15.2)

217.4 (108.4–319.6)

 

 Second quarter

4.5 (2.8–7.4)

69.6 (37.7–102.8)

 

 Third quarter

6.3 (3.7–10.2)

90.4 (50.0–172.2)

 

 Fourth quarter

5.7 (2.7–9.3)

88.4 (27.4–155.9)

 

Dashboard pages

 Practice summary

9.1 (5.3–14.2)

181.5 (66.9–289.0)

 

 Table overview

18.4 (12.2–28.9)

765.9 (380.6–1132.9)

 

 Chart overview

0.9 (0.4–3.0)

25.2 (4.6–119.2)

 

 Indicator information

0.5 (0.2–1.0)

67.0 (4.5–228.8)

 

 Patient list (any medication safety indicator)

19.3 (14.1–35.6)

2907 (1722.0–5371.3)

67 (45–128.5)

Patient lists for specific types of medication safety risks

1. Prescription of an oral NSAID without co-prescription of an ulcer-healing drug in a patient aged ≥65 years

4.4 (2.5–9.0)

747.9 (338.9–1307.8)

26 (11.5–42.5)

2. Prescription of an oral NSAID without co-prescription of an ulcer-healing drug to a patient with a history of peptic ulceration

0.3 (0.1–1.0)

13.1 (0.4–92.2)

1 (1–3)

3. Prescription of an antiplatelet drug without co-prescription of an ulcer-healing drug to a patient with a history of peptic ulceration

2.0 (0.5–2.8)

224.4 (98.1–456.4)

4 (2–6.5)

4. Prescription of warfarin or NOAC in combination with an oral NSAID

1.3 (0.5–1.9)

98.7 (39.3–211.7)

4 (2–6)

5. Prescription of warfarin or NOAC in combination with an antiplatelet drug without co-prescription of an ulcer-healing drug

1.3 (0.8–2.5)

130.3 (77.5–358.2)

4 (2–9)

6. Prescription of an aspirin in combination with another antiplatelet drug without co-prescription of an ulcer-healing drug

2.5 (1.1–3.8)

345.5 (142.6–532.6)

8 (5–13)

7. Prescription of a non-selective beta-blocker to a patient with asthma

3.8 (2.0–5.5)

600.3 (358.0–914.2)

15 (8–28.5)

8. Prescription of a long-acting beta-2 inhaler (excluding combination products with inhaled corticosteroid) to a patient with asthma who is not also prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid

0.8 (0.0–1.7)

65.2 (0.0–188.6)

2 (0–6)

9. Prescription of an oral NSAID to a patient with heart failure

0.8 (0.3–1.8)

50.9 (5.5–123.0)

2 (1–5)

10. Prescription of an oral NSAID to a patient with chronic renal failure (eGFR< 45)

0.5 (0.2–1.3)

55.7 (0.8–114.8)

3 (1.5–5)

11. Prescription of methotrexate without both a recent full blood count and a recent liver function test

1.2 (0.7–2.3)

158.2 (70.3–315.1)

4 (2.5–6)

12. Prescription of amiodarone without a thyroid function test

1.5 (0.8–3.3)

191.7 (40.3–358.3)

4 (2–6)

Multiple medication safety indicators

0.3 (0.1–0.7)

17.5 (0.8–158.0)

4 (2–7)

  1. NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. NOAC novel anticoagulants such as apixaban, dabigatran or rivaroxaban. eGFR estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. Antiplatelet drugs are aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor. Peptic ulceration includes upper gastrointestinal bleeds, but does not include peptic ulcer surgery, gastritis, duodenitis or oesophageal varices. Ulcer-healing drugs include the PPIs and H2-antagonist – it does not include misoprostol, sucralfate or bismuth