| Total, n (%) | Willinga, n (%) | Odds ratio and confidence Interval | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
All participants | 899 (100) | 472 (52.5) | NA | NA |
Gender | ||||
 Female | 460 (51.2) | 224 (48.7) | Reference | 0.02 |
 Male | 439 (48.8) | 248 (56.5) | 1.367 (1.051–1.779) |  |
Age | ||||
  ≤ 59 | 465 (51.7) | 278 (59.8) | 1.838 (1.410–2.398) | < 0.01 |
 60 and older | 434 (48.3) | 194 (44.7) | Reference |  |
Age (10 year intervals) | ||||
  ≤ 40 | 22 (2.4) | 17 (77.3) |  | < 0.01 |
 41–50 | 115 (12.8) | 78 (67.8) |  |  |
 51–60 | 382 (42.5) | 209 (54.7) |  |  |
 61–70 | 380 (42.3) | 168 (44.2) |  |  |
Ethnicity | ||||
 Chinese | 626 (69.6) | 305 (48.7) | Reference |  |
 Non-Chinese | 273 (30.4) | 167 (61.2) | 1.658 (1.240–2.212) | < 0.01 |
Spoken language | ||||
 Chinese | 329 (36.6) | 130 (39.5) | Reference |  |
 English | 570 (63.4) | 342 (60.0) | 2.293 (1.739–3.030) | < 0.01 |
Marital statusa | 895 (100) | 471 (52.6) | Â | Â |
 Single | 171 (19.1) | 77 (45.0) | Reference |  |
 Married | 724 (80.9) | 394 (54.4) | 1.458 (1.043–2.037) | 0.03 |
Employment statusa | 892 (100) | 469 (52.6) | Â | Â |
 Working | 538 (60.3) | 306 (56.9) | 1.546 (1.180–2.024) | < 0.01 |
 Not working | 354 (39.7) | 163 (46.0) | Reference |  |
Highest education level | ||||
 None/ PSLE | 231 (25.7) | 92 (39.8) | Reference |  |
 O-Level and higher | 668 (74.3) | 380 (56.9) | 1.994 (1.470–2.704) | < 0.01 |
Total household incomea (S$) | 668 (100) | 378 (56.6) | Â | Â |
  < 3400 | 317 (47.5) | 162 (51.1) | Reference |  |
  ≥ 3400 | 351 (52.5) | 216 (61.5) | 1.531 (1.125–2.083) | < 0.01 |
Financial assistancea | 895 (100) | 470 (52.5) | Â | Â |
 Yes | 392 (43.8) | 182 (46.4) | Reference |  |
 No | 503 (56.2) | 288 (57.3) | 1.545 (1.184–2.016) | < 0.01 |