Table 5 Baseline patient participant demographic and clinical characteristics (beta-study) (n = 38)
Characteristic | Combined (n = 38) | PainAPP (n = 30) | Control (n = 8) |
|---|---|---|---|
Mean age, years (range) | 56.5 (22–80) | 56.9 (22–75) | 55 (41–80) |
Gender, n (%) | |||
 Male | 12 (31.6) | 9 (30.0) | 3 (37.5) |
 Female | 26 (68.4) | 21 (70.0) | 5 (62.5) |
Race, n (%) | |||
 White/Caucasian | 32 (84.2) | 25 (83.3) | 7 (87.5) |
 Black or African American | 2 (5.3) | 2 (6.7) | 0 |
 Latino or Hispanic | 2 (5.3) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (12.5) |
 Native American or Alaska Native | 2 (5.3) | 2 (6.7) | 0 |
 Other | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Education, n (%) | |||
 High school graduate or GED | 6 (15.8) | 5 (16.7) | 1 (12.5) |
 Some college or 2-year college or technical school | 10 (26.3) | 7 (23.3) | 3 (37.5) |
 4-year college graduate | 10 (26.3) | 7 (23.3) | 3 (37.5) |
 More than 4-year college degree | 12 (31.6) | 11 (36.7) | 1 (12.5) |
Primary cause of chronic pain (%) | |||
 Back pain | 14 (36.8) | 13 (43.3) | 1 (12.5) |
 Fibromyalgia | 6 (15.8) | 4 (13.3) | 2 (25.0) |
 Neck pain | 4 (10.5) | 4 (13,3) | 0 |
 Nerve pain | 4 (10.5) | 3 (10.0) | 1 (12.5) |
 Other musculo-skeletal | 8 (21.1) | 5 (16.7) | 3 (37.5) |
 Complex Regional Pain Syndrome | 1 (2.6) | 0 | 1 (12.5) |
 Other | 1 (2.6) | 1 (3.3) | 0 |
Years with chronic pain, Mean (SD; range) | 17.53 (12.13; 2–50) | 17.45 (13.0; 2–50) | 16.13 (8.2; 8–30 |
Past alcohol or drug problem, n (%) | 6 (15.8) | 5 (16.7) | 1 (12.5) |
Current daily tobacco use | 8 (21.1) | 7 (23.3) | 1 (12.5) |
Use of opioid medications, n (%) | |||
 Yes, currently | 17 (44.7) | 13 (43.3) | 4 (50.0) |
 Yes, in past but not now | 12 (31.6) | 10 (33.3) | 2 (25.0) |
 No | 9 (23.7) | 7 (23.3) | 2 (25.0) |
Overall health (self-reported) | |||
 Excellent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
 Very good | 11 (9.0) | 9 (30.0) | 2 (25.0) |
 Good | 15 (39.5) | 12 (40.0) | 3 (37.5) |
 Fair | 12 (31.6) | 9 (30.0) | 3 (37.5) |
 Poor | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Overall mental or emotional health (self-reported) | |||
 Excellent | 4 (10.5) | 4 (13.3) | 0 |
 Very good | 9 (23.7) | 6 (20.0) | 3 (37.5) |
 Good | 13 (34.2) | 13 (43.3) | 0 |
 Fair | 8 (21.1) | 5 (16.7) | 3 (37.5) |
 Poor | 4 (10.5) | 2 (6.7) | 2 (25.0) |