Fig. 1

Representative CGM time-series data to show different reactions of selected patients’ glucose levels after meals. Blue line: CGM time-series data points; red line and transparent red box: CGM data point <3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL); magenta filled circle: CGM data point at the meal; red filled circle: peak CGM data point after the meal; green filled circle: CGM data point at the time of prediction. Clinical explanations: a No peak of CGM data point could occur because the patient ate a small amount of carbohydrates in the meal. b Low peak after the meal, then rapid fall in glucose could occur because patient ate a small amount of carbohydrates in the meal. c Steep peak, then rapid fall in glucose could occur when the patient ate foods rich in carbohydrate with high glycemic index or injected rapid-acting insulin later than he or she should have. d A rapid fall and then no peak after the meal could occur when the insulin injected before the previous meal is still active (insulin on board)