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Table 3 Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for increased knowledge of mothers and related practices for maternal healthcare by exposure to Aponjon service and its use pattern

From: Does mHealth voice messaging work for improving knowledge and practice of maternal and newborn healthcare?

Aponjon exposure and use pattern

n = 612

Knowledge of maternal healthcare

Practice of maternal health care

% scored ≥50th percentile

Crude OR^ (95% CI)

Adjusted ORa (95% CI)

% scored ≥50th percentile

Crude OR^ (95% CI)

Adjusted ORa (95% CI)

Exposure to Aponjon

 No exposure (non-user)

369

45.3

1.00

1.00

45.0

1.00

1.00

 3–5 months exposure

159

49.7

1.19 (0.82–1.73)

1.20 (0.80–1.81)

48.4

1.15 (0.79–1.67)

1.18 (0.81–1.72)

 6–9 months exposure

84

71.4

3.02 (1.80–5.07)

2.83 (1.57–5.09)

75.0

3.67 (2.15–6.26)

3.38 (1.77–6.48)

Use pattern of Aponjon

 No exposure (non-user)

369

45.3

1.00

1.00

45.0

1.00

1.00

 Did not receive or listen to ≥3 messages per month (poor pattern)

169

53.9

1.14 (0.98–2.03)

1.45 (0.92–2.29)

54.4

1.46 (1.01–2.10)

1.54 (1.03–2.29)

 Received and listened to ≥3 messages per month (good pattern)

74

64.9

2.23 (1.33–3.75)

2.00 (1.17–3.37)

64.9

2.26 (1.34–3.80)

1.96 (1.09–3.51)

Exposure to Aponjon and use pattern

 No exposure (non-users)

369

45.3

1.00

1.00

45.0

1.00

1.00

 Subscribed for 3–5 months and had a poor pattern of use

112

45.5

1.01 (0.66–1.55)

1.07 (0.65–1.76)

43.8

0.95 (0.62–1.46)

1.03 (0.67–1.59)

 Subscribed for 3–5 months and had a good pattern of use

47

59.6

1.78 (0.96–3.31)

1.62 (0.87–3.01)

59.6

1.80 (0.97–3.34)

1.67 (0.81–3.43)

 Subscribed for 6–9 months and had a poor pattern of use

57

70.2

2.85 (1.56–5.20)

2.77 (1.41–5.44)

75.4

3.76 (1.99–7.10)

3.79 (1.88–7.66)

 Subscribed for 6–9 months and had a good pattern of use

27

74.1

3.46 (1.43–8.37)

2.97 (1.09–8.09)

74.1

3.49 (1.44–8.46)

2.66 (0.92–7.62)

  1. aAdjusted for area, ownership of mobile phone, exposure to mass media, cluster; ^based on propensity score matched sample