Development of a novel mobile application to detect urine protein for nephrotic syndrome disease monitoring

Table 2 UrApp camera read of urine protein test strip compared to urinalysis machine read using 88 patient urine samples

Reading Result^a	Urisys 1100 Total = 88	UrApp (iPhone 7) Total = 88	UrApp (iPhone 7) Total = 88	UrApp (iPhone 6S) Total = 86^b
Negative/trace (low)	62 (70%)	64 (73%)	64 (73%)	64 (74%)
1+ (medium)	14 (16%)	13 (15%)	13 (15%)	11 (13%)
2+ / 3+ (high)	12 (14%)	12 (14%)	12 (14%)	12 (14%)

^aUrisys 1100 provides a semi-quantitative read-out of urine protein with levels of: negative, trace, 1+, 2+, and 3+. UrApp was programmed to provide a read-out of “low” for negative and trace readings by standard urinalysis machine read; “medium” for 1+; and “high” for 2+ and 3+ readings
^bThe particular phone was not available for two of the tests

ISSN: 1472-6947