Table 4 Experimental results of the NLP algorithm for each fracture type
Fractures | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | F1-score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ankle | 0.974 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.974 | 0.987 |
Clavicle | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Distal Forearm | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Face | 0.760 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.806 | 0.864 |
Feet and Toes | 0.960 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.962 | 0.980 |
Hand and Fingers | 0.918 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.924 | 0.957 |
Other Spine Fractures | 0.875 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.889 | 0.933 |
Patella | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Pelvis | 0.952 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.955 | 0.976 |
Proximal Femur | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Proximal Humerus | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Ribs | 0.933 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.938 | 0.966 |
Scapula | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Shaft and Distal Femur | 0.800 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.833 | 0.889 |
Shaft and Distal Humerus | 0.857 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.875 | 0.923 |
Shaft and Proximal Radius/Ulna | 0.952 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.955 | 0.976 |
Skull | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Sternum | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Tibia and Fibula | 0.944 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.947 | 0.971 |
Vertebral Body | 0.675 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.755 | 0.806 |
Micro-Average | 0.930 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.941 | 0.961 |