A novel data-driven workflow combining literature and electronic health records to estimate comorbidities burden for a specific disease: a case study on autoimmune comorbidities in patients with celiac disease

Table 4 Comparison with prevalence in the literature

	This study	Cosnes et al. [33]	Iqbal et al. [2]	Volta et al. [5]	Collin et al. [22]	Størdal et al. [6]	Diamanti et al. [1]	Van der Pals et al. [13]	Sategna-Guidetti et al. [27]	Counsell et al. [34]
Study characteristics
Population	741 adults	378 children, 546 adults	356 adults (> 12 yo)	770 adults	335 adults	3006 children	558 children	335 children	241 adults (untreated)	107 adults
Information source	EHR	question-naire	question-naire	question-naire	hospital records	national register	serology	serology	serology	serology
Origin	France	France	Canada	Italy	Finland	Norway	Italy	Sweden	Italy	Scotland
Year	2015	2008	2013	2012	1994	2011	2011	2014	2001	1994
Prevalence, % (95% CI)
Autoimmune thyroiditis	12.6 (10.1, 14.9)	6.0	10.6	26.3	7.5	1.4	12.0	7.7	30.2	15.0
Type 1 diabetes mellitus	2.3 (1.2, 3.4)	6.5	2.2	3	5.4	4.7
Dermatitis herpetiformis	2.0 (1.0, 3.0)	3.1	13.5	4
Rheumatoid disease	0.9 (0.3, 1.6)	0.7	4.5		1.8
Autoimmune hepatitis	0.9 (0.3, 1.6)	1.2	0.0
Sjögren’s syndrome	0.8 (0.2, 1.5)	0.2	0.8		3.3
Addison’s disease	0.4 (0.1, 1.2)	0.2			0.6
Systemic lupus	0.3 (0.1, 1.0) ^a	0.2	1.1
Multiple sclerosis	0.1 (0.0, 0.8) ^a	0.1
Antiphospholipid syndrome	0 (0.0, 0.5) ^a	0.2
Myasthenia gravis	0 (0.0, 0.5) ^a	0.2

ISSN: 1472-6947