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Table 2 Buckets of MS-related UMLS terms used as attributes for MS classification. For each bucket, the frequency of terms in MS patients was compared to controls. The significance of the difference was measured by Chi squared analysis (in parenthesis). Buckets are grouped by common symptoms of loss of function

From: Early recognition of multiple sclerosis using natural language processing of the electronic health record

 

BUCKET

SYMPTOM GROUP

1

Bladder dysfunction (115.8)

Autonomic dysfunction

2

Constipation (22.4)

3

Memory (46.4)

Cognition

4

Cognitive (19.4)

5

Ataxia (48.0)

Coordination

6

Balance (77.1)

7

Cerebellar (25.0)

8

Coordination (89.5)

9

Dizziness (29.9)

Dizziness and vertigo

10

Vertigo (17.2)

11

Diplopia (43.8)

Eye and Vision

12

Nystagmus (48.6)

13

Optic neuritis (79.2)

14

Orbital pain (30.0)

15

Vision (88.9)

16

Fatigue (30.7)

Fatigue

17

Weak (189.0)

18

Headache (65.8)

Headache

19

Migraine (22.5)

20

Depression (24.2)

Mood

21

Mood (36.5)

22

Pain-musculoskeletal (12.1)

Pain

23

Pain-other (7.3)

24

Atrophy (46.5)

Motor

25

Contracture (19.5)

26

Dysphagia (23.4)

27

Motor (59.6)

28

Paresis (87.5)

29

Reflex (50.6)

30

Spastic (76.9)

31

Speech (126.7)

32

Stiffness (35.6)

33

Burning (20.0)

Sensory

34

Lhermitte’s sign (11.0)

35

Neuritis (82.8)

36

Numbness (93.2)

37

Paresthesia (59.6)

38

Sensory (67.9)

39

Tingling (94.5)

40

Epilepsy (13.3)

Tremor, seizure

41

Palsy (13.8)

42

Seizures (33.9)

43

Tremor (12.9)

44

Fall (57.3)

Walking (gait)

45

Gait (79.2)

46

Walk (45.8)

47

Hearing loss (9.0)

Miscellaneous

48

Neurologic (43.4)

49

Neuropathy (22.1)

50

Sleep (12.6)