| | Meana | Std Dev | Std Errorb | Patients Improvingc | N |
|---|
Starting Pain 1-9 | | | | | |
Panel A | −1.10 | 1.89 | 0.017 | 71.98 % | 11,927 |
Panel B | −1.21 | 2.01 | 0.018 | 72.58 % | 11,927 |
Starting Pain 7-9 | | | | | |
Panel C | −1.85 | 1.72 | 0.030 | 88.17 % | 4598 |
Panel D | −2.10 | 1.95 | 0.029 | 85.87 % | 4598 |
- aValues are in units of the 11-point pain scale. Negative values indicate a shift to less pain
- bZ-scores calculated from the Means and Standard Errors indicate that these distributions are significantly different from identical distributions centered at zero (p-values < <0.001)
- c“Patients Improving” is calculated from a normal distribution using the means and standard deviations of the distributions of Fig. 4. The area to left of zero is taken as representing patients improving, provided as a percentage, under the assumption of a continuous scale
