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Table 12 Extracted reliable rules for outcome prediction (> 85% accuracy)

From: A comparative analysis of multi-level computer-assisted decision making systems for traumatic injuries

Rules Test Acc. Method
HEAD ≤ 3 and AGE < 43.45 and FSBP < 143.50 and ISS ≤ 33 and EDRTS < 0.87 and THORAX ≥ 2 Then Rehab 17/19(89.5%) CART
EDRTS < 5.36 and HEAD ≤ 3 and 33 ≤ FSBP ≤ 143 and ISS ≥ 33.50 Then Rehab 69/79(87.3%) CART
HEAD ≥ 4 and FSBP < 171 and EDRTS < 2.25 Then Rehab 125/135(92.6%) CART
2.25 ≤ EDRTS < 5.36 and HEAD ≥ 4 and FSBP < 171 and AGE ≥ 10.90 Then Rehab 45/52(86.5%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.36 and AGE < 48.15 and THORAX ≥ 1 and ISS ≤ 21 Then Home 23/27(85.2%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.36 and AGE ≥ 48.15 and EDGCSTOTAL ≥ 9 and ISS ≤ 25 Then Rehab 61/65(93.8%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≤ 3 and 11.65 ≤ AGE < 24.40 and EDGCSTOTAL ≤ 8 and FSBP ≥ 108 and THORAX ≤ 4 Then Rehab 24/28(85.7%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≤ 3 and 26.05 ≤ AGE < 37.30 and EDGCSTOTAL ≤ 8 and FSBP ≥ 108 Then Rehab 22/24(91.7%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≤ 3 and AGE ≥ 43.30 Then Rehab 50/55(90.9%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≥ 4 Then Rehab 179/201(89.1%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE < 48.15 and THORAX ≥ 1 and ISS ≤ 21 Then Home 23/27(85.2%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and 24.25 ≤ AGE < 48.15 and THORAX ≥ 1 and 22 ≥ ISS < 28 and FSBP < 146 Then Home 11/12(91.7%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE < 48.15 and THORAX ≥ 1 and ISS ≥ 22 and 74 ≤ FSBP ≤ 93 Then Rehab 10/11(90.9%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE ≥ 48.15 and EDGCSTOTAL ≥ 9 and ISS ≥ 24.50 Then Rehab 104/122(85.2%) CART
EDRTS < 2.69 and 113 ≤ FSBP ≤ 170 and HEAD ≤ 3 Then Rehab 49/57(86.0%) CART
EDRTS < 2.69 and FSBP ≤ 170 and HEAD ≥ 4 Then Rehab 126/137(92.0%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 2.69 and AGE < 45.10 and THORAX ≥ 1 and ISS ≤ 21 and EDGCSTOTAL ≥ 7 Then Home 24/28(85.7%) CART
2.69 ≤ EDRTS < 5.02 and 22.80 ≤ AGE < 48.15 and THORAX ≥ 1 and ISS ≥ 22 and (ARDS = 'No') Then Rehab 25/28(89.3%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 2.69 and 48.15 ≤ AGE < 84.30 and ISS ≥ 25 Then Rehab 74/79(93.7%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and 39.25 ≤ AGE < 51.35 and HEAD ≤ 3 and FSBP ≤ 116 and ISS ≤ 33 Then Rehab 12/13(92.3%) CART
EDRTS < 2.69 and AGE < 51.10 and HEAD ≥ 4 and FSBP < 179 Then Rehab 117/126(92.9%) CART
2.69 ≤ EDRTS < 5.02 and 10.90 ≤ AGE < 51.10 and HEAD ≥ 4 and 82 ≤ FSBP < 179 and (ARDS = 'No') Then Rehab 28/31(90.3%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and AGE ≥ 51.35 Then Rehab 48/52(92.3%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE < 27.35 and THORAX < 1 and FSBP ≥ 123 and HEAD ≤ 4 Then Rehab 13/15(86.7%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE < 48.15 and THORAX ≥ 1 and ISS ≤ 21 Then Home 23/27(85.2%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE ≥ 48.15 and EDGCSTOTAL ≥ 7 and ISS ≥ 25 Then Rehab 61/66(92.4%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≤ 2 and AGE ≥ 31.90 and ISS ≤ 39 and THORAX ≥ 2 Then Rehab 23/26(88.5%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≥ 3 and AGE ≥ 23.15 Then Rehab 249/281(88.6%) CART
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE ≥ 56.55 and EDGCSTOTAL ≥ 9 and ISS ≤ 24 and (ARDS = 'No') Then Rehab 33/34(97.1%) CART
AGE < 24 and EDRTS < 0.58 and HEAD ≤ 3 and ISS ≤ 34 Then Rehab 19/20(95.0%) CART
26.05 ≤ AGE < 47.15 and EDRTS < 4.75 and HEAD ≤ 3 and ISS ≤ 34 and THORAX ≥ 2 and EDGCSTOTAL ≤ 7 Then Rehab 36/41(87.8%) CART
AGE < 48.15 and EDRTS < 4.75 and HEAD ≤ 3 and ISS ≥ 35 and EDGCSTOTAL ≤ 7 Then Rehab 18/20(90.0%) CART
AGE < 48.15 and EDRTS < 2.69 and HEAD ≥ 4 Then Rehab 115/126(91.3%) CART
23.15 ≤ AGE < 48.15 and EDRTS ≥ 4.75 and ISS ≥ 25 and HEAD ≤ 0 and FSBP ≥ 69 Then Rehab 17/19(89.5%) CART
23.15 ≤ AGE < 26.75 and EDRTS ≥ 4.75 and ISS ≥ 25 and 1 ≤ HEAD ≤ 4 and FSBP ≥ 69 Then Rehab 11/11(100.0%) CART
48.15 ≤ AGE < 85.70 and ISS ≥ 25 Then Rehab 122/133(91.7%) CART
AGE < 48.15 and THORAX ≥ 1 and ISS ≥ 22 and EDRTS ≥ 5.36 and 73 ≤ FSBP < 120 Then Home 20/22(90.9%) CART
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≤ 2 and AGE ≥ 30.25 Then Rehab 31/35(88.6%) C4.5
EDRTS < 5.02 and HEAD ≤ 3 and ISS ≥ 15 Then Rehab 256/294(87.1%) C4.5
EDRTS ≥ 5.02 and AGE ≤ 48.15 and EDGCSTOTAL ≥ 9 and ISS ≤ 24 and THORAX ≤ 3 and FSBP ≥ 93 Then Rehab 110/127(86.6%) C4.5
EDRTS ≥ 2.69 and AGE < 26.75 and ISS ≥ 25 and HEAD ≥ 5 Then Rehab 33/37(89.2%) C4.5
EDRTS ≥ 7.12 and 26.75 ≤ AGE < 43.25 and ISS ≥ 25 and 1 ≤ HEAD ≤ 2 Then Rehab 15/17(88.2%) C4.5
EDRTS < 2.69 and HEAD ≤ 3 and AGE < 38.30 and 108 ≤ FSBP < 192 Then Rehab 38/43(88.4%) C4.5
EDRTS < 2.69 and HEAD ≥ 4 Then Rehab 132/146(90.4%) C4.5
EDRTS ≥ 2.69 and AGE < 48.15 and 84 ≤ FSBP ≤ 93 Then Rehab 18/21(85.7%) C4.5
2.69 ≤ EDRTS < 4.75 and 11.65 ≤ AGE < 48.15 and FSBP ≥ 122 and (ARDS = 'No') Then Rehab 33/36(91.7%) C4.5
EDRTS ≥ 2.69 and AGE ≥ 48.15 and ISS ≥ 26 Then Rehab 66/71(93.0%) C4.5
EDGCSTOTAL ≤ 5 and ISS ≥ 15 and FSBP ≤ 177 and THORAX ≥ 4 Then Rehab 252/284(88.7%) C4.5
EDGCSTOTAL ≥ 6 and AGE ≥ 48.15 and ISS ≥ 26 Then Rehab 66/72(91.7%) C4.5
THORAX ≤ 2 and AGE ≤ 33.9 and EDRTS ≤ 5.03 Then Rehab 62/72(86.1%) C4.5
(ID = 'Yes') and (Cg = 'No') Then Rehab 11/12 (91.7%) C4.5
HEAD ≤ 0 and THORAX ≤ 1 and AGE ≤ 59.7 and ISS > 5 Then Rehab 28/32(87.5%) C4.5
  1. Reliable rules are defined as those with accuracy greater than 85%. FSBP represents initial blood pressure; ISS stands for Injury Severity Score; EDGCSTOTAL is the total Glasgow Coma Score recorded in the emergency department; EDRTS is the Emergency Department Revised Trauma Score; ARDS stands for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
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