Table 1 Subject characteristics

N

2092

387

1705

Age

60.42 ± 8.68

62.94 ± 8.43

59.85 ± 8.64

<0.001

Gender male,%

705 (33.7%)

143 (36.95%)

562 (32.96%)

0.134

Height cm

161.46 ± 7.79

161.45 ± 7.83

161.46 ± 7.78

0.987

Weight kg

63.26 ± 10.61

64.85 ± 11.09

62.9 ± 10.47

0.001

BMI kg/m²

24.21 ± 3.36

24.84 ± 3.69

24.07 ± 3.26

<0.001

WC cm

85.07 ± 9.70

87.68 ± 9.93

84.48 ± 9.54

<0.001

SBP mmHg

127.62 ± 18.68

132.95 ± 20.02

126.41 ± 18.14

<0.001

DBP mmHg

79.83 ± 9.69

81.28 ± 9.93

79.50 ± 9.61

0.001

Laboratory assays

FPG mmol/L

5.53 ± 1.81

6.12 ± 2.53

5.4 ± 1.57

<0.001

PBG mmol/L

7.67 ± 3.56

9.03 ± 4.53

7.36 ± 3.22

<0.001

FINS IU/L

7.19 ± 11.82

9.17 ± 21.66

6.74 ± 8.01

<0.001

TC mmol/L

5.32 ± 1

5.39 ± 1.05

5.31 ± 0.98

0.142

TG mmol/L

1.71 ± 0.98

1.9 ± 1.17

1.67 ± 0.92

<0.001

HDL mmol/L

1.36 ± 0.32

1.34 ± 0.32

1.36 ± 0.33

0.203

LDL mmol/L

3.19 ± 0.77

3.23 ± 0.8

3.18 ± 0.76

0.229

SCr μmol/L

77.81 ± 26.04

78.51 ± 21.93

77.65 ± 26.89

0.561

Ccr

82.01 ± 30.84

81.31 ± 32.65

82.17 ± 30.42

0.624

UA μmol/L

281.21 ± 83.79

285.97 ± 86.04

280.13 ± 83.25

0.216

HRV measurement

HR beats/min

72.42 ± 10.13

79.7 ± 11.26

70.77 ± 9.08

<0.001

TP ms²

873.95 ± 702.47

315.87 ± 410.75

1000.63 ± 693.2

<0.001

LF ms²

190.98 ± 207.88

43.97 ± 57.29

224.34 ± 215.08

<0.001

LF nu

21.33 ± 10.66

15.97 ± 9.19

22.54 ± 10.6

<0.001

HF ms²

183.05 ± 219.43

41.82 ± 59.63

215.11 ± 229.61

<0.001

HF nu

20.67 ± 13.25

17.06 ± 13.98

21.49 ± 12.94

<0.001

LF/HF

1.7 ± 1.98

2.37 ± 3.32

1.55 ± 1.48

<0.001

Medical history

Smoking yes,%

306 (14.63%)

62 (16.02%)

244 (14.31%)

0.390

PH yes,%

976 (46.65%)

241 (62.27%)

735 (43.11%)

<0.001

DM yes,%

446 (21.33%)

139 (35.92%)

307 (18.02%)

<0.001

MetS yes,%

833 (39.82%)

204 (52.71%)

629 (36.89%)

<0.001