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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
| Numerical variables | all patients | ART-naive | ART-experienced | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| median (IQR) | median (IQR) | median (IQR) | ||
| calendar year | 2004 (2003-2006) | 2006 (2004-2007) | 2004 (2002-2005) | |
| HIV-1 RNA log10 copies/ml | 4.53 (3.83-5.12) | 5.08 (4.63-5.5) | 4.18 (3.63-4.8) | |
| CD4+ count cells/mm3 | 273 (147-389) | 191 (70-300) | 296.8 (192-435) | |
| Age years | 40 (36-45) | 39 (33-45) | 40 (37-45) | |
| GSS | Rega | 3 (2-3) | 3 (3-3) | 2 (1.5-3) |
| ANRS | 3 (2-3) | 3 (3-3) | 2 (1.5-3) | |
| HIVdb | 3 (2-3) | 3 (3-3) | 2 (1.5-3) | |
| Categorical variables | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| #patients | 2158 | 733 (34.0%) | 1425 (57.7%) | |
| #cART regimens | 2337 | 733 (31.4%) | 1604 (68.6%) | |
| cART type | 2NRTI+1NNRTI | 516 (23.9%) | 235 (32.1%) | 281 (19.7%) |
| 2NRTI+1PI | 243 (11.3%) | 45 (6.1%) | 198 (13.9%) | |
| 2NRTI+1PI/r | 1306 (60.5%) | 441 (60.2%) | 865 (60.7%) | |
| 3NRTI | 93 (4.3%) | 12 (1.6%) | 81 (5.7%) | |
| gender | male | 1546 (71.6%) | 563 (76.8%) | 983 (69%) |
| previous AIDS-defining events (yes vs. no) | 285 (13.2%) | 92 (12.6%) | 193 (13.5%) | |
| Nationality | Italian | 1524 (70.6%) | 529 (72.2%) | 995 (69.8%) |
| non-Italian | 168 (7.8%) | 98 (13.4%) | 70 (4.9%) | |
| unknown | 466 (21.6%) | 106 (14.5%) | 360 (25.3%) | |
| mode of HIV-1 transmission | heterosexual | 657 (30.4%) | 262 (35.7%) | 395 (27.7%) |
| male homosexual | 362 (16.8%) | 154 (21%) | 208 (14.6%) | |
| IDU | 468 (21.7%) | 54 (7.4%) | 414 (29.1%) | |
| other/unknown | 671 (31.1%) | 263 (35.9%) | 408 (28.6%) | |
| HBV/HCV co-infection | positive | 605 (28%) | 149 (20.3%) | 456 (32%) |
| negative | 483 (22.4%) | 260 (35.5%) | 223 (15.6%) | |
| unknown | 1070 (49.6%) | 324 (44.2%) | 746 (52.4%) | |
| interval time from the first HIV-1 positive test to cART initiation | < = 12 months | 444 (20.6%) | 354 (48.3%) | 90 (6.3%) |
| > 12 and < = 60 months | 188 (8.7%) | 45 (6.1%) | 143 (10%) | |
| > 60 months | 575 (26.6%) | 61 (8.3%) | 514 (36.1%) | |
| unknown | 951 (44.1%) | 273 (37.2%) | 678 (47.6%) | |
| duration of prior ART exposures | < = 6 months | 1197 (55.5%) | 733 (100%) | 464 (32.6%) |
| > 6 and < = 12 months | 117 (5.4%) | N/A | 117 (8.2%) | |
| > 12 and < = 24 months | 184 (8.5%) | N/A | 184 (12.9%) | |
| > 24 months | 660 (30.6%) | N/A | 660 (46.3%) | |
| viral subtype | B | 1753 (81.2%) | 503 (68.6%) | 1250 (87.7%) |
| 02_AG | 56 (2.6%) | 28 (3.8%) | 28 (2%) | |
| C | 41 (1.9%) | 31 (4.2%) | 10 (0.7%) | |
| F1 | 54 (2.5%) | 39 (5.3%) | 15 (1.1%) | |
| other | 60 (2.8%) | 35 (4.8%) | 25 (1.8%) | |
| undetermined | 194 (9%) | 97 (13.2%) | 97 (6.8%) | |
| #previous ART switches | none | 733 (34%) | 733 (100%) | N/A |
| one/two | 429 (19.9%) | N/A | 429 (30.1%) | |
| three to six | 605 (28%) | N/A | 605 (42.5%) | |
| more than six | 391 (18.1%) | N/A | 391 (27.4%) | |
| previous exposure to suboptimal ART (yes vs. no) | 922 (42.7%) | N/A | 922 (64.7%) | |
| previous ART class exposure | none | 733 (34%) | 733 (100%) | N/A |
| only NRTI | 94 (4.4%) | N/A | 94 (6.6%) | |
| NRTI and NNRTI | 220 (10.2%) | N/A | 220 (15.4%) | |
| NRTI, NNRTI and PI | 252 (11.7%) | N/A | 252 (17.7%) | |
| NRTI, NNRTI and PI/r | 466 (21.6%) | N/A | 466 (32.7%) | |
| NRTI and PI | 229 (10.6%) | N/A | 229 (16.1%) | |
| NRTI and PI/r | 134 (6.2%) | N/A | 134 (9.4%) | |
| other classes | 30 (1.4%) | N/A | 30 (2.1%) | |
