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Table 1 Gastrointestinal Outbreak and Case Characteristics in the San Francisco Bay Area, July 2003 through December 2007

From: Prediction of gastrointestinal disease with over-the-counter diarrheal remedy sales records in the San Francisco Bay Area

 

N

Outbreak-Associated Cases*

 

N

  

Maximum

Median

Mean

  

All Disease Outbreaks

233

153

19

25

Case Etiology

 

Outbreaks of Reportable Diseases

31

65

12

16

   campylobacteriosis

3316

Outbreaks of Not-Reportable Diseases

202

153

21

27

   cryptosporidiosis

2210

Study Period

    

   salmonellosis

2187

   Model (6/29/03 to 7/2/05)†

71

110

15

23

   giardiasis

1739

   Validation (7/3/05 to 12/31/05)

11

26

14

13

   shigellosis

1002

   Forecasting (1/1/06 to 12/30/07)

154

153

21

27

   amoebiasis

512

Outbreak Etiology

    

   hepatitis A

152

   norovirus

144

153

24

30

   Escherichia coli infection

151

   unknown

41

80

18

21

   vibriosis

118

   salmonellosis

17

65

13

22

   typhoid

62

Bacillus cereus /Clostridium

perfringens infection

8

38

8

12

   listeriosis

39

   Escherichia coli infection

4

18

11

11

   yersiniosis

26

   scombroid poisoning

3

7

5

5

   legionellosis

17

   bacterial toxin poisoning

3

22

4

10

   ciguatera poisoning

5

   chemical toxin poisoning

2

4

3

3

  

   vibriosis

2

27

21

21

  

   ciguatera poisoning

2

3

3

3

  

   hepatitis A

1

2

2

2

  

   trichinosis

1

2

2

2

  

   cryptosporidiosis

1

16

16

16

  

   yersiniosis

1

1

1

1

  

   giardiasis

1

14

14

14

  

   rotavirus

1

6

6

6

  

   campylobacter

1

3

3

3

  
  1. *Number of cases not available for five outbreaks (3 salmonellosis, 2 norovirus) between January 1, 2006 and January 1, 2008.
  2. † Modeling period was shorter --Jan 4, 2004 to Jul 2, 2005-- for Univariate Case Modeling and Cross Correlation Analysis.
  3. σ Outbreak and case data sets are not mutually exclusive or encompassing.