Table 1 Characteristics of the study population overall, and by the four identified movement behavior profiles

Demographics

Age, years

43.1(12.5)

40.4 (13.0)

44.8 (12.3)

41.4 (12.7)

45.8 (11.0)

Sex

 Male

842 (46.5%)

154 (43.9%)

265 (44.5%)

229 (41.5%)

194 (61.8%)

 Female

970 (53.5%)

197 (56.1%)

330 (55.5%)

323 (58.5%)

120 (38.2%)

Race/Ethnicity

 Non-Hispanic white

907 (50.1%)

152 (43.3%)

344 (57.8%)

249 (45.1%)

162 (51.6%)

 Non-Hispanic black

332 (18.3%)

79 (22.5%)

102 (17.1%)

94 (17.0%)

57 (18.2%)

 Mexican American

423 (22.3%)

76 (21.7%)

114 (19.2%)

158 (28.6%)

75 (23.9%)

 Other

150 (8.3%)

44 (12.5%)

35 (5.9%)

51 (9.2%)

20 (6.4%)

Education

 Less than 12 years

396 (21.9%)

86 (24.5%)

104 (17.5%)

140 (25.4%)

66 (21.0%)

 12 years

427 (23.6%)

88 (25.1%)

112 (18.8%)

136 (24.6%)

91 (29.0%)

 Over high school

989 (54.6%)

177 (50.4%)

379 (63.7%)

276 (50.0%)

157 (50.0%)

Marital status

 Married/cohabiting

1271 (70.2%)

202 (57.7%)

439 (73.8%)

385 (69.7%)

245 (78.0%)

 Divorced/Widowed

284 (15.7%)

65 (18.6%)

86 (14.5%)

86 (15.6%)

47 (15.0%)

 Never married

256 (14.1%)

83 (23.7%)

70 (11.8%)

81 (14.7%)

22 (7.0%)

Income to poverty ratio

3.0 (1.6)

2.6 (1.6)

3.2 (1.6)

2.8 (1.6)

3.2 (1.5)

Lifestyle factors, dietary, and diseases

Smoking status (serum cotinine)

 Non-smoker, < 10 ng/dL

1372 (75.7)

240 (68.4)

483 (81.2)

415 (75.2)

234 (74.5)

 Light smoker, 10-<100 ng/dL

108 (6.0)

25 (7.1)

24 (4.0)

37 (6.7)

22 (7.0)

 Moderate smoker, 100-<300 ng/dL

213 (11.8)

59 (16.8)

56 (9.4)

62 (11.2)

36 (11.5)

 Heavy smoker, ≥ 300 ng/dL

119 (6.6)

27 (7.7)

32 (5.4)

38 (6.9)

22 (7.0)

Alcohol consumption, grams/day

8.6 (21.9)

7.2 (18.9)

9.0 (24.1)

8.9 (22.3)

9.0 (19.8)

Dietary energy intake, kcal

2198.3 (797.2)

2215.2 (836.7)

2215.4 (777.0)

2088.5 (758.7)

2336.3 (833.8)

Total saturated fat, gram

27.4 (13.1)

27.6 (14.0)

27.6 (12.8)

25.9 (12.4)

29.3 (13.7)

Total caffeine intake, milligram

163.3 (192.9)

154.6 (208.6)

161.9 (180.4)

154.6 (186.2)

190.1 (207.5)

Diseases

 Cardiovascular diseases

94 (5.2%)

23 (6.6%)

26 (4.4%)

28 (5.1%)

17 (5.4%)

 Diabetes

138 (7.6%)

34 (9.7%)

33 (5.5%)

49 (8.9%)

22 (7.0%)

 Ever had cancer or malignancy

89 (4.9%)

18 (5.1%)

24 (4.0%)

25 (4.5%)

22 (7.0%)

Cardiometabolic markers

Insulin, pmol/L

47.8 (29.5, 81.1)

54.2 (34.4, 90.8)

42.5 (25.9, 72.5)

49.9 (31.6, 83.0)

47.5 (29.4, 77.1)

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.3 (0.9, 1.9)

1.3 (0.9, 2.0)

1.2 (0.9, 1.8)

1.3 (0.9, 2.0)

1.2 (0.8, 1.8)

HOMA-IR

11.5 (6.7, 21.0)

13.5 (8.0, 23.5)

10.2 (5.8, 18.7)

11.8 (7.2, 21.4)

11.7 (7.1, 20.5)

Plasma glucose, mmol/L

5.3 (4.9, 5.8)

5.4 (5.0, 5.8)

5.3 (4.9, 5.7)

5.3 (4.9, 5.7)

5.4 (5.1, 5.8)

CRP, mg/dL

0.2 (0.1, 0.5)

0.2 (0.1, 0.6)

0.2 (0.1, 0.6)

0.2 (0.1, 0.5)

0.2 (0.1, 0.4)

Total/HDL cholesterol ratio

3.6 (2.9, 4.5)

3.7 (2.9, 4.5)

3.6 (2.9, 4.6)

3.6 (3.0, 4.5)

3.7 (2.9, 4.6)

LDL, mmol/L

3.0 (0.9)

3.0 (1.0)

3.1 (0.9)

3.1 (0.9)

3.1 (0.9)

Waist circumference, cm

96.2 (86.7, 107.0)

96.4 (87.3, 108.2)

95.6 (86.2, 105.0)

96.3 (87.0, 107.2)

97.8 (87.0, 108.7)

BMI, kg/m²

27.8 (24.2, 32.0)

28.0 (24.1, 32.9)

27.4 (24.1, 31.3)

28.0 (24.4, 32.1)

27.8 (24.4, 31.9)