Are cancer-related decision aids appropriate for socially disadvantaged patients? A systematic review of US randomized controlled trials

Enard, Kimberly R.; Dolan Mullen, Patricia; Kamath, Geetanjali R.; Dixon, Nickell M.; Volk, Robert J.

doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0303-6

BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making

Table 1 Inclusion of Disadvantaged Social Groups in RCTs of Cancer-Related PtDAs, by Cancer Context (k = 39)

From: Are cancer-related decision aids appropriate for socially disadvantaged patients? A systematic review of US randomized controlled trials

			Met/exceeded US average:					Limited english proficiency	Low-literacy
Study	Context	Location (n)	≤HS/GED	Female	Uninsured or medicaid	Non US Nativity	Non-white or Hispanic	Limited english proficiency	Low-literacy
BCa, Genetic Testing (k = 5)
Green 2001 [38]	BRCA testing	Urban-South (n = 72)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Green 2004 [39]	BRCA testing	Urban-MW/NE/South (n = 211)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Lerman 1997 [40]	BRCA testing	Urban-South (n = 400)	No	NA	No	No	Yes	No	No
Miller 2005 [41]	BRCA testing	National (n = 279)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Schwartz 2001 [42]	BRCA testing	Urban-South (n = 381)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
BCa, High Risk Prevention (k = 3)
Fagerlin 2011 [43–45]	Chemoprevention	Urban-MW/West (n = 1,197)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Ozanne 2007 [46]	Lifestyle v. chemoprevention v. surgery	Urban-West (n = 30)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Schwartz 2009 [47, 48]	Mastectomy for BRCA1/2 carriers	Urban-NE/South (n = 214)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
BCa, Treatment (k = 4)
Heller 2008 [49]	Breast reconstruction	Urban-South (n = 133)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Jibaja-Weiss 2011 [50]	BCT v. mastectomy	Urban-South (n = 76)	No	NA	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Marcus 2013 [51]	BCT v. mastectomy	National (n = 340)	No	NA	No	No	Yes	No	No
Street 1995 [52]	BCT v. mastectomy	Urban-South (n = 60)	Yes	NA	No	No	No	No	No
CRC, Screening (k = 6)
Dolan 2002 [53]	FOBT/FS/ COL/ DCBE	Urban-NE (n = 95)	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Miller 2011 [56]	FOBT/FS/COL	Urban-South (n = 264)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes
Pignone 2000 [57]	FOBT/FS	Urban-South (n = 249)	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Ruffin IV 2007 [58]	FOBT/FS/ COL	Urban/Rural-MW (n = 174)	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Schroy 2011 [59, 60]	FOBT/FS/COL/ DCBE	Urban-NE (n = 825)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
Wolf 2000 [61]	FOBT/FS	Urban-NE/South (n = 402)	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
CRC, Genetic Testing (k = 1)
Manne 2010 [54, 55]	MSI testing	Urban-NE/South (n = 213)	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
PCa Screening (k = 17)
Allen 2010 [62]	PSA testing	Urban-NE (n = 812)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Chan 2011 [63]	PSA testing	Urban-South (n = 317)	Yes	NA	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No^a
Frosch 2003 [64]	PSA testing	Urban-West (n = 226)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Frosch 2008 [65]	PSA testing	Urban-West (n = 611)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Krist 2007 [66]	PSA testing	Urban-South (n = 497)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Lepore 2012 [67]	PSA testing	Urban-NE (n = 490)	Yes	NA	No	Yes	Yes	No	No
Myers 2005 [68]	PSA testing	Urban-NE (n = 242)	Yes	NA	No	No	Yes	No	No
Myers 2011 [69]	PSA testing	Urban-NE (n = 313)	No	NA	No	No	Yes	No	No
Partin 2004 [70]	PSA testing	MW (n = 893)	Yes	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Rubel 2010 [71]	PSA testing	Urban-MW/NE/ South/West (n = 200)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Schapira 2000 [72]	PSA testing	Urban-MW (n = 257)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No^b
Sheridan 2012 [73]	PSA testing	Urban-South (n = 128)	No	NA	No	No	Yes	No	No
Taylor 2013 [74]	PSA testing/DRE	Urban-South (n = 1,893)	No	NA	No	No	Yes	No	No
Volk 1999 [75, 76]	PSA testing	Urban-South (n = 158)	Yes	NA	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
Volk 2008 [77]	PSA testing	Urban-South (n = 450)	No	NA	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes
Williams 2013 [78]	PSA testing	Urban-South (n = 543)	No	NA	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
Wolf 1996 [79]	PSA testing	Urban/Rural-NE/South (n = 205)	Yes	NA	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
PCa Treatment (k = 3)
Barry 1997 [80]	Active surveillance v. prostatectomy v. medication	Urban-West (n = 227)	No	NA	No	No	No	No	No
Berry 2012 [81–83]	Active surveillance v. prostatectomy v. radiation	Urban-NE/South/West (n = 494)	No	NA	No	No	No	Yes	No
Marcus 2013 [51]	Active surveillance v. prostatectomy v. radiation	National (n = 208)	No	NA	No	No	Yes	No	No

Abbreviations: US, United States, HS high school diploma, GED general education development certificate, NA not applicable, BCa breast cancer, BRCA1/BRCA2 breast cancer genes 1 and 2, MW Midwest, NE northeast, BCT, breast-conserving therapy (lumpectomy followed by radiation), CRC colorectal cancer, FOBT fecal occult blood testing, FS flexible sigmoidoscopy, COL colonoscopy, DCBE double contrast barium enema, PSA prostate-specific antigen, DRE digital rectal exam, PCa prostate cancer
^aDid not directly assess health literacy, but argued for low literacy levels of the participants in discussion section of paper
^bUsed REALM to assess reading level. Over 80 % of participants had reading level about high school

Back to article page

ISSN: 1472-6947

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com