Skip to main content

Table 2 Model inputs with counts of days with laboratory results and medication orders (n = 10,000)

From: Hidden in plain sight: bias towards sick patients when sampling patients with sufficient electronic health record data for research

  

Laboratory results

Medication orders

Variable

n (%)

Max

Mean (SD)

Max

Mean (SD)

ASA class

     

 1

2263(22.6)

20

2.9(3.4)

21

1.3(2.2)

 2

4779(47.8)

85

3.0(4.4)

62

1.6(3.6)

 3

2499(25.0)

107

5.7(9.4)

102

4.1(8.5)

 4

459(4.6)

99

9.4(13.2)

91

7.5(11.5)

Sex

     

 Male

3943(39.4)

99

3.4(7.4)

91

2.3(6.3)

 Female

6057(60.6)

107

4.3(6.2)

102

2.5(5.5)

Age (years)

     

 1-10

911(9.1)

52

1.4(4.0)

62

1.6(4.8)

 11-20

837(8.4)

49

2.7(4.5)

91

1.9(4.9)

 21-30

1379(13.8)

78

5.3(6.1)

71

2.8(5.0)

 31-40

1461(14.6)

107

5.0(6.5)

102

2.1(5.5)

 41-50

981(9.8)

85

3.4(6.3)

43

2.0(5.0)

 51-60

1182(11.8)

99

4.1(8.8)

76

2.9(7.7)

 61-70

1484(14.8)

99

3.7(7.2)

76

2.5(6.2)

 71-80

1143(11.4)

60

3.9(6.7)

63

2.6(6.0)

 81-90

545(5.5)

60

4.7(7.3)

55

3.2(6.1)

 91-102

77(0.8)

59

6.9(9.1)

44

5.1(7.3)

Emergency status

     

 Non-emergent

8883(88.8)

107

3.7(6.3)

102

2.2(5.5)

 Emergent

1117(11.2)

99

5.5(9.2)

81

4.0(7.9)

Admission status

     

 Outpatient

4162(41.6)

85

2.1(4.4)

56

1.3(3.8)

 Same day

3274(32.7)

69

3.7(4.8)

76

1.7(4.0)

 Inpatient

2564(25.6)

107

7.2(9.9)

102

5.1(8.8)

ICD-9 category name (number)

     

 Neoplasms (2)

1111(11.1)

53

3.3(5.4)

62

1.8(4.8)

 Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic & immunity disorders (3)

211(2.1)

59

3.0(6.0)

44

1.3(4.4)

 Dz. of the nervous system and the sense organs (6)

942(9.4)

99

1.9(6.0)

70

1.6(4.9)

 Dz. of the circulatory system (7)

1005(10.0)

92

5.2(8.5)

81

3.9(7.4)

 Dz. of the respiratory system (8)

368(3.7)

60

3.7(8.2)

91

3.2(9.0)

 Dz. of the digestive system (9)

1232(12.3)

107

3.7(8.2)

102

2.7(7.3)

 Dz. of the genitourinary system (10)

887(8.9)

92

3.9(7.1)

65

2.3(6.4)

 Complications of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium(11)

1931(19.3)

54

6.3(4.4)

28

2.6(3.3)

 Dz. of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (13)

767(7.7)

59

1.8(4.3)

60

1.3(4.3)

 *Congenital anomalies (14)

248(2.5)

15

1.4(2.1)

34

1.1(3.2)

 *Symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions (16)

602(6.0)

99

5.1(9.0)

62

3.4(7.6)

 Injury and poisoning (17)

696(7.0)

77

2.4(6.2)

76

2.3(5.7)

CPT category name (number)

     

 Operations on the nervous system (1)

460(4.6)

78

2.4(5.8)

70

1.9(6.1)

 Operations on the endocrine system (2)

198(2.0)

21

1.7(3.2)

29

0.9(3.6)

 Operations on the eye (3)

664(6.6)

99

1.8(5.9)

52

1.4(4.5)

 *Operations on the nose, mouth, and pharynx (5)

430(4.3)

44

1.1(3.1)

36

1.1(3.1)

 Operations on the respiratory system (6)

198(2.0)

60

6.5(10.0)

91

5.6(12.2)

 Operations on the cardiovascular system (7)

1105(11.1)

92

5.9(9.2)

76

4.5(8.1)

 Operations on the digestive system (9)

1625(16.3)

107

4.0(8.5)

102

2.7(7.1)

 Operations on the urinary system (10)

533(5.3)

57

3.7(5.4)

65

1.5(4.9)

 Operations on the male genital organs (11)

345(3.5)

49

2.5(3.8)

33

1.1(3.4)

 *Operations on the female genital organs (12)

603(6.0)

28

3.0(2.9)

17

1.2(2.5)

 Operations on the musculoskeletal system (14)

1321(13.2)

77

2.0(4.9)

67

1.7(4.8)

 *Operations on the integumentary system (15)

442(4.4)

54

3.5(6.5)

53

2.4(5.6)

 Miscellaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (16)

321(3.2)

92

4.2(9.5)

81

3.1(7.8)

 *Anesthesia procedures (18)

1755(17.6)

54

6.7(4.5)

52

2.8(3.5)

  1. ASA Class = American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification; ICD-9 = International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision; CPT = Current Procedural Terminology; Dz. = Diseases; * Denotes ICD and CPT categories that contain other similar categories: Congenital anomalies contains Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period; Symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions contains Infections and parasitic diseases, Diseases of the blood and blood forming organs, Mental disorders, Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, & Supplementary; Operations on the nose, mouth and pharynx contains Operations on the ear; Operations on the female genital organs contains Obstetrical procedures; Operations on the integumentary system contains Operations on the hemic and lymphatic system; Anesthesia procedures contains Other.